The first step is preparing the breeding pond. The pond is nearly square in shape, covering approximately 46 acres. It is surrounded by a 8-meter-wide embankment that is 0.6 to 0.8 meters deep, and the beach can be raised up to 1.2 meters. The bottom of the pond consists of sandy soil with minimal silt, ensuring good water quality. The pond is equipped with complete water injection and drainage systems. A small wooden boat is placed inside for feeding, fertilizing, and general management. To prevent burrowing animals such as worms, crayfish, crabs, and other pests, the pond is lined with a dense polyethylene mesh buried into the soil. The structure is sturdy and leak-proof, and asbestos tiles are used to prevent escape. At the beginning of each breeding cycle, the ponds are dredged and repaired, then thoroughly disinfected using quicklime and tea seed cake. After filtration and water filling, adequate base fertilizers are applied to cultivate natural food sources, and aquatic plants like Artemisia halodendron and Vallisneria are planted. Before and after introducing a large number of live snails, their reproduction is allowed to occur naturally.
Next, the selection of seedlings. For fish species, after preparing the pond, about 20 kilograms of different types of silver oysters are stocked at a rate of 20 kilograms per kilogram, which equals roughly 4.3 kilograms per acre. In the middle and later stages, due to overgrown aquatic plants, grasses are controlled, and a total of 400 kg of aquatic vegetation is removed, averaging 8.6 kg per mu. For green prawns, after the pond is cleared, young prawns can be reared at a rate of 3–5 kilograms per mu. Alternatively, around 80 pounds of broodstock per kilogram are introduced before and after April, with an average of 0.5 kg per mu. For crabs, approximately 90,000 "bean crabs" are raised, with 1,000 larvae per kilogram, resulting in about 1,800 per mu. Other species, such as yellow earthworms, loach, and crayfish, are left to reproduce naturally in ponds where shrimps and crabs are cultivated year-round. Pesticides are minimally used to protect these natural resources, and no additional seedlings are typically required.
Third, feeding practices. An ecological breeding method is employed, allowing fish to feed on free fertilizer (chicken manure) and natural foods like plankton, benthos, snails, and aquatic plants. Additional feed such as 1,500 kg of bean cake, 1,000 kg of bran, 1,000 kg of rice bran, and small weeds totaling 2,000 kg are provided. Feeding and fertilization schedules are adjusted flexibly based on weather, water quality, availability of natural food, pond size, and growth season. The pond is inspected daily, morning and evening, and oxygen is added as needed depending on water conditions and floating head levels. Under normal conditions, water is added once a week, with each addition increasing the water level by 20–30 cm. Dissolved oxygen is maintained at sufficient levels, and the water level remains stable with a transparency of about 35 cm. The water quality is described as “fat, live, tender, and cool.†Every hour, lime is sprinkled to adjust the pH of the water.
Fourth, disease prevention. Throughout the culture process, fish are soaked in 3% saline solution for 10 minutes before stocking, while shrimp and crabs are treated with 50 mg/L potassium permanganate for 2–3 minutes. During the growing season, bait is fed every two weeks, mixing 50 kg of feed with 25 g of oxytetracycline, administered twice daily for three days. Additionally, bait and tools are regularly disinfected with bleach.
Finally, harvesting. Yellow oysters, loach, shrimp, and crayfish are caught in cages throughout the year using methods that target both large and small animals. Once they meet market specifications, they are sold immediately. After the Chong Yang Festival, crabs are manually captured in the evenings from the ponds and continue to be caught in cages until the end of November. After this period, the ponds are prepared for the next breeding cycle.
As customers have higher and higher requirements for animal reproduction and animal disease diagnosis and treatment, traditional diagnostic methods such as visual inspection, stethoscope listening, thermometer inspection, and percussion and hammering can no longer meet the needs of animal husbandry production and veterinary clinics. Today, B-ultrasound is playing a big role in human medical diagnosis, and in the future, B-ultrasound will also play a role in animal medicine. We should promote the use of veterinary ultrasound scanner step by step according to the actual situation, popularize the knowledge of the use of veterinary ultrasound scanner, take this as an opportunity, and use it as a ladder to improve the level of veterinary practice in our country.
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