Potted lotus cultivation is an effective method to preserve the original characteristics of the plant. Here are some key techniques to follow:
(1) Choose suitable potted varieties such as Jade Bowl, Red Tower, Mountain Pink Pocket, Table Jane, Red Peony, Small Silver Ball, and Others. These varieties bloom early, produce more flowers, and have a longer flowering period.
(2) Select appropriate pots—such as clay, plastic, or bonsai pots—that are aesthetically pleasing and easy to handle. The pot size should be between 18-28 cm in diameter and height. Smaller pots are ideal for delicate designs, while larger ones allow for more foliage. Ensure the bottom has a sealed hole with cement to prevent water leakage. Prepare the soil by using farmland soil or non-polluted pond mud, soaking it in water for two weeks beforehand.
(3) Planting time varies by region. In the south, planting can begin around mid-March, while in the north, it's better to wait until mid-April. Some gardens, like Liu Jia Garden in Anhui, use plastic films to cover the area, which advances the planting and blooming periods by 3–4 weeks. This simple technique significantly improves results.
(4) When planting for the first time, avoid using base fertilizer. Place the rhizome at an angle, with only one plant per pot. Fill the pot with 12–15 cm of soil, ensuring no gaps remain. Add water up to 2–3 cm below the rim. Once leaves appear, apply a small amount of organic or compound fertilizer.
(5) Position potted lotus in a sunny and well-ventilated area. This promotes healthy growth and rapid blooming. If planted in early April, buds will appear by late May, and full flowering begins in mid-June. The blooming period can last until mid-September.
(6) Potted lotus is generally resistant to pests, but in areas with poor ventilation or near vegetable fields, aphids may appear. A diluted solution of insecticidal soap (600–800 times) can be used to control them. Liu Jia Garden in Anhui now uses plastic film to cover the entire garden, using sunlight to steam and kill pests. This method is eco-friendly, easy to manage, and helps promote lotus growth effectively.
Secondly, when sowing seeds, choose mature, shiny lotus seeds and plant them from April to June. First, manually remove the hard seed coat by rubbing it on a rough surface or using a vise. Soak the seeds in a thermos filled with warm water (20–30°C), changing the water twice daily. Within a week, sprouts will appear. After sprouting, place the seeds in a sunny, sheltered area with water, and after two weeks, fine roots and floating leaves will develop. Then transplant them into pots, one plant per pot. Flowers will start to appear by mid-month.
Third, for off-season flowering in August and September, use cold-resistant, late-blooming lotus seeds. After planting, place the pots in a greenhouse with temperatures maintained between 20–30°C. During winter, use mirrors or aluminum foil on the northern side of the pots to reflect sunlight onto the leaves and water surface, increasing light exposure. This technique allows lotus to bloom from New Year’s through the Spring Festival.
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