How to Properly Manage Tomatoes
Tomato cultivation requires careful attention to several key areas, including reproductive management, fertilizer application, and timely harvesting. Effective management not only improves yield but also enhances fruit quality and marketability.
1. Focus on reproductive management. This includes activities such as soil cultivation, weeding, water conservation, vine training, pruning, removing old leaves, ensuring good air circulation, and controlling diseases and pests. Disease prevention should be the primary focus, with early intervention being crucial. Maintaining proper temperature is also essential. During the day, ensure adequate ventilation in greenhouses to keep the internal temperature around 25°C. At night, aim for a temperature range of 10°C to 13°C. When releasing air, start with small vents and gradually increase them, then reduce or close the intake vents once the temperature drops in the afternoon. In winter greenhouses, using heating systems can help raise ground temperatures, while properly managing waste can also be beneficial. Applying microbial fertilizers during the growing season can significantly improve plant health and yield. For example, Kumba fertilizer has been shown to increase economic crop yields by more than 5%.
2. Implement effective fertilizer management. Tomatoes generally do not require frequent watering during the summer and autumn rainy seasons. However, when the second and third clusters of fruit begin to ripen, it's important to provide adequate water. Fertilize according to the plant’s growth stage to support fruit development, protect flowers, and preserve fruit quality. Using high-quality fertilizers can enhance fruit sweetness, yield, and overall quality.
3. Harvest tomatoes at the right time. Tomatoes go through four stages of maturity: green, color change, mature, and fully ripe. Green tomatoes can be harvested for storage, while those in the color change stage (with about one-third of the fruit turning red) are ideal for transport. For local sales or personal use, harvest when more than one-third of the fruit is red. Always handle the fruits gently to avoid damage. It's best to pick without the fruit stem to prevent bruising during transport. Before the first frost, any unripe green tomatoes should be picked and stored in the greenhouse to continue ripening, which extends the supply period and increases profits. Applying a sweetener spray before harvest can also improve shelf life and fruit quality.
By following these practices, tomato growers can achieve better results, maximize yields, and produce high-quality fruits that meet market demands.
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