Potassium is a vital nutrient for fruit trees, playing a crucial role in their growth and development. It enhances photosynthesis, supports the metabolism and synthesis of carbohydrates, and helps new shoots mature more effectively. Additionally, potassium strengthens the tree's ability to withstand cold, drought, heat, and diseases. It also contributes to fruit enlargement, increases sugar content, promotes better fruit coloration, and ultimately improves overall fruit quality. Because of these benefits, farmers often refer to potassium as "fruit fat." As a key element for fruit nutrition, quality improvement, and stress resistance, potassium application is an essential agricultural practice that should not be overlooked. In fruit tree cultivation, common sources of potassium include potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, and potassium chloride. Plant ash is another effective natural source of potash. These fertilizers help ensure that fruit trees receive adequate nutrients throughout their growing cycle. Field experience has shown that Red Fuji apple trees require higher levels of potassium compared to nitrogen. The ideal ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium is generally 1:0.6:1.5. Studies on two-year-old Fuji branches revealed that the uptake rate of nitrogen fertilizer was around 38%, while that of potassium was only about 4%, indicating a much lower absorption rate. This led to a significant increase in both flowering and fruit set rates—over 25% in some cases. Moreover, fruits developed color 3 to 5 days earlier, were larger and more uniform, and the occurrence of rot disease was greatly reduced. To optimize potassium application for Red Fuji apple trees, it's recommended to apply approximately 1.8 kg of potassium fertilizer per 100 kg of fruit. The timing of applications is also important. The first application should take place 15 days before flowering, using 20% of the annual potassium requirement. The second application occurs after new shoot growth stops, with 40% of the annual amount applied. The final dose is given 15 days before fruit coloring begins, also accounting for 40% of the total annual need. This strategic approach ensures that trees receive the right amount of potassium at the right time, maximizing yield and fruit quality.

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