First, choose to interplant. 1. Strictly select the planting site and apply sufficient base fertilizer. The soil should be deep, fertile, and well-drained with convenient irrigation. Avoid using land previously planted with cotton (as the first two are not suitable for ginger). Before winter, thoroughly plow the field and add 1,000 kg of organic manure such as cow dung and crop straw per acre to enrich the soil and prepare it for planting.
2. Implement a reasonable layout and follow standard practices. Adjust the spacing between cotton rows to allow for better growth, and plant cotton and ginger on the same line. Each row should be 70 cm wide (including the ditch), with one row of cotton followed by one row of ginger.
Second, cotton management requirements. Use insect-resistant hybrid cotton varieties. Before planting, till the land to a depth of 25 cm, and apply basal fertilizer combined with 2-3 kg of 5% phoxim granules per mu to control underground pests. The optimal sowing time for cotton is early April, and seedlings should be covered with double-layered plastic film on sunny days. In mid-May, transplant approximately 3,400 plants per mu. Other management practices are similar to conventional cotton fields, but special attention must be given to applying boron fertilizer and potassium dihydrogen phosphate solutions, using mesitride as a carrier.
Third, ginger cultivation techniques. 1. Select high-quality seeds and perform fine processing. First, choose ginger seeds that are swollen, injury-free, disease-free, and free from pests. In early March, grow ginger seedlings in pits and select only those that show no discoloration or damage. Second, sun-dry the selected seeds for 2-3 days, then place them on top of a stove fire (commonly known as the "smoker's eye") for about 20 days to sterilize and prevent diseases. Third, germinate the seeds in a hot bed. Spread 20 cm of cowshed manure, compact it, then add 7-9 cm of loam, place the ginger seeds on top, cover with 3 cm of fine soil, and finally cover with agricultural film. Secure the edges with soil to retain heat and promote germination. When the shoots reach 4 cm in height, divide the buds into 3-5 pieces. Each piece must have at least 1-2 buds and weigh between 50-100 grams. Remove any buds with black bases, red eyes, or excessive fibers before transplanting.
2. Ensure quality and follow standard transplanting procedures. Transplant ginger in late April by digging trenches 25 cm wide and 9 cm deep. Plant ginger seeds 20-50 cm apart, aiming for a density of 3,500-4,000 plants per acre. Cover the buds properly after planting.
3. Strengthen management and take care of both crops. For ginger: First, apply topdressing. When the seedlings reach 30 cm in height, mix 25 kg of ammonium carbonate with 15 kg of cake fertilizer per acre and apply it in furrows 10 cm away from the ginger plants. Avoid using urea, ammonium carbonate, or raw human waste directly on the plants. Before and after the start of autumn, apply 25 kg of dried manure and 10 kg of urea per plant. Second, water and drain timely. After drainage, provide solid water if there is drought. During the rainy season, ensure proper drainage. In dry conditions, irrigate carefully so that the soil remains moist for about 7 days. Third, prevent ginger rickets. Focus on prevention by soaking the roots in a 1000-fold dilution of compound Bordeaux solution for 20 minutes during transplanting. Spray with a 500-fold dilution every 7-10 days in June and July. If diseased plants are found, remove them immediately and disinfect the surrounding area with lime to prevent further spread.
In addition, manage the field properly by performing tasks such as loosening the soil, weeding, earthing up, removing side shoots, and harvesting ginger at the right time.
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