Jasmine white feather disease is the most serious disease of jasmine. When the disease is severe, plants die and affect the yield. They are distributed in Suzhou, Hangzhou, Shanghai, Nanjing, Fuzhou and Taiwan.
Symptoms and diseases occur in the root neck and roots, and when conditions are appropriate, spread to the lower leaves. The root and neck become brown and rotten, gradually spreading and spreading, resulting in a white silky film, mostly radial, with a particularly sharp edge. The sclerotinous mycelia can spread to the soil near the neck, and the whole basin soil is full of white hyphae. After the formation of sclerotia on the mycelial membrane, the sclerotia are initially white, gradually deepening into yellow, dark brown until dark brown, rapeseed size. After the death of the cortex, the leaves died from dead and dead leaves, and the whole plant died. In very humid conditions, hyphae can spread directly to the lower leaves, resulting in a large number of white silk membranes, surrounded by the lower branches and leaves, so that watery spots in the leaves, produce hypha on the silk film.
Pathogens are fungi. Sclerotium rolfsii. Is a semi-known fungus subphylum, filamentous spore class, no sporophore, small sclerotium genus. The sclerotia are white in color, followed by a brownish-brown to brownish-brown gradient with a smooth, spherical or near-spherical surface, and diameters of 0.8-2.3 mm, which are very similar to those of rapeseed. The optimum temperature for the development of the bacteria is 32-33°C, the maximum temperature is 40°C, and the minimum is 8°C. Acid and alkali resistance range from pH 5 to 9.
The onset of pathogenic bacteria is widespread and reaches more than 200 species. Sphagnum or mycelium overwinters in soil, diseased plant residues, and weeds. Sclerotia survive in soil for more than 4 years, but the survival period under high humidity conditions is very short and it is not resistant to flooding. The pathogen spreads mycelium in the soil and spreads distantly by the artificial transfer of water or diseased seedlings, diseased soil, and sick pots. When using waste soil or vegetable garden soil for soil change, it is easy to cause disease, continuous disease or continuous use of sick pots and soil disease is heavy; high humidity is easy to disease.
Control methods: (1) Horticultural control: Crop rotation, sick pots and soils are treated centrally, and it is better to pour into paddy fields, basins are taken from disease-free plots, and paddy fields are preferred. Organic manure should be fully decomposed; propagation material should be cut from disease-free plants; greenhouses should be kept from pile-up when they pass winter.
(2) Remove the diseased plants and disinfect the soil. Early detection of the victim plant should be promptly removed by burning or deep burial. The diseased hole should be sprinkled with 86.2% of the copper master 800 to 1200 times, 50% of the Johnson's ammonium 500 times or lime powder. Removal of diseased plants should be done before sclerotia.
(3) Chemical control: 50% tetrazine is applied to 1 000 g every 666.6 square meters; in the initial stage of disease, 50% dexamethasone 1 000 times liquid is poured and sprinkled once every 7 to 10 days to kill the soil. In the bacteria. Using 70% thiophanate-methyl 1000-fold or 50% carbendazim 1000-fold, sprinkle the soil around the stem base of the plant to suppress the spread of the disease. Pour other fungicide later; Pentu 82 can be used for the preparation of Trichoderma bran (Zhejiang Agricultural University plant protection product), and 0.5% of the soil is mixed with the soil, after the pot is used; some pots and soils can also be removed and installed. Into the mix of soil.
(4) Physical control: Pellets are sterilized by heating.
(5) Biological control. The use of the antibiotic Trichoderma harzianum to control jasmine white peony disease has a good effect. Trichoderma strains were first cultivated, then mixed with the sterilized bran to prepare a Trichoderma preparation. When the Trichoderma preparations are used, they are evenly mixed with the fine soil and applied to the soil. The soil must maintain a certain humidity, which causes the Trichoderma maxima to grow and reproduce in the soil, so as to inhibit the growth of the whitefly pathogen and thus achieve the purpose of disease prevention.
(6) Reasonable fertilization. The application of organic fertilizers without surface ripening on the surface of the soil will increase the occurrence of white peony disease. Therefore, organic fertilizers (such as manure, etc.) should be used as basal fertilizers to deeply submerge the soil. If used as topdressing, it must be fully decomposed before it can be applied.
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