First, temperature regulation
The optimum growth temperature of soft-shelled turtle is between 28 and 32°C, and the daily change of water temperature is best controlled within 1-2°C. Severe changes in water temperature will make it difficult for juveniles to undergo adaptive physiological adjustment, and the body's metabolic process is prone to disorder and easy to occur. Cause the occurrence of diseases such as "cold". Therefore, it is very important to adjust the temperature in the greenhouse.
In the early stage of greenhouse cultivation of soft-shelled turtles, the temperature during the daytime in South China is still relatively high. If the weather is fine, it is necessary to uncover the films on both sides of the overwintering shed at about 10 o'clock in the morning to cool down, and at the same time, keep the air inside and outside the shed free from harmful effects. Exhaust gas. If the film on both sides of the greenhouse is not unveiled in time, the temperature in the shed may reach as high as 40°C at noon. If the membrane is opened at that time, the temperature in the shed will change so much that it can easily cause a stress reaction in the turtle.
In the mid-wintering season, cold weather and other weather may be encountered. If there is a gap in the greenhouse, cold air infiltration will reduce the temperature in the greenhouse, which is not conducive to the growth of the turtle. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully check whether the contact opening of the greenhouse is tight and whether the film is damaged during the daily inspection of the pond. If such a situation is found, repair work should be done in time. If the temperature is too low, you can warm up properly, such as taking a film and other measures.
At the end of the breeding period, when it was ready to uncover in April, the temperature has been gradually warming up. In the evening, it is generally possible to ignore the shutter doors of the greenhouse, and the loopholes in the greenhouse can be less concerned. However, it is not appropriate to uncover the film of the greenhouse in a short time. Instead, it should gradually uncover the film of the greenhouse as the temperature gradually warms up, so that the turtle gradually adapts to changes in the external environment and avoids stress during the uncovering process.
Second, feeding management
With the insulation effect of the greenhouse, in addition to particularly cold weather, turtles can still eat normally at other times, and they are usually fed twice a day, which is around 7 am and 4 pm. When the lunar calendar is cold, the temperature is relatively low, and it is possible to reduce the amount of feeding or not feeding as appropriate. After the Spring Festival, the soft-shelled turtle will gradually resume normal feeding, and its growth rate will accelerate. About 500 kilograms of fishmeal can be added per ton of soft-shelled turtle feed in front of Kaitang, and the fishmeal content in the feed can be adjusted according to the turtle's constitution.
At present, most turtle farms mainly feed this kind of feed, with some chilled fish, daily feeding accounts for about 5% of the body weight of the soft-shelled turtle, and 60% of the feeding amount in the afternoon. When wintering in the greenhouse, the turtle grows. To fish out a certain number of turtle fingerlings regularly, it is appropriate to weigh up to 30 to 50 eggs. Record the weight of the fingerlings. Make appropriate adjustments according to these conditions. In addition, during the winter, according to the health status of the fingerlings, they can regularly add immune polysaccharides, vitamin C or Chinese herbal medicines with less side effects to the feed to increase their stress and disease resistance.
III. Disease Prevention
In the winter, the disease of the soft-shelled turtle is relatively small, but if it is not properly managed, it can also cause related diseases. The common diseases of the winter fry over the winter period are "cold" disease, rotten claw disease, rotten neck disease, skin disease and so on. The "cold" disease of the soft-shelled turtle is caused by the drastic changes in water temperature, and often occurs in the early stage of greenhouse construction (late October to early November) and late winter (after spring). In the early stage of construction, because the temperature during the day is high, it is necessary to do the cooling work mentioned earlier, and the temperature in the late winter is not stable, so the sheds cannot be uncovered too early.
Bad claws, rotten neck disease, and skin disease are caused by poor water quality. The ammonia nitrogen content of soft-shelled turtles in the overwintering sheds can easily exceed the standard. Some ammonia-degrading drugs, such as nitrite-degrading spirits, can be spilled and the ammonia nitrogen index can be controlled below 0.3 mg/l. At noon on a sunny day, aerators may be aerated for 1 to 2 hours to promote the discharge of carbon dioxide from the bottom water body. In addition, quicklime, biological agents, etc. can be used to regulate water quality every month. During the winter, the new water is generally not changed.
After about five months of living in greenhouses, the ponds can be farmed in the middle of April and the following year. At this time, the soft-shelled turtle has grown to a size of more than 100 grams, and the soft-shelled turtle grows to a weight of 1 kg. Left and right specifications. The construction of soft-shelled turtles over winter can greatly shorten the growth cycle of the soft-shelled turtle and increase the breeding income. It is also a good way to cope with severe weather such as cold waves and cold springs. It is worth learning from farmers around the country.
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