Preventing and treating double eyelid disease in strawberries has long been a major challenge in cultivation. Traditionally, methods such as soil replacement and chemical disinfection were used. However, these approaches are costly, inefficient, and harmful to the environment, often leading to reduced fruit quality. A more sustainable and effective alternative is solar disinfection, which is cost-effective, eco-friendly, and easy to implement. Here’s how it works:
First, soil preparation begins in mid-June to mid-July each year. The previous year's strawberry fields are cleared, and the land is prepared for new planting. 500 kg of wheat straw, sufficient organic fertilizer, and 50 kg of soil purifying agent are evenly spread across the beds. A rotary cultivator is then used to till the soil twice, ensuring that the wheat straw, base fertilizer, and purifying agent are thoroughly mixed. Afterward, raised beds are formed—each 25 cm high, 50 cm wide at the top, and 100 cm wide at the base.
Next, the beds are covered with white mulch. Bamboo poles are used to create an arch-shaped shed about 1 meter high, and if available, old sheds from the previous season can be reused. Water is then applied under the mulch to ensure the soil is adequately moist. Once the mulch and plastic sheets are sealed, the area is left to sterilize for 15 to 20 days, extending the period if it rains. It's important to note that water is only added once during this process. The main goal of irrigation is to increase both soil moisture and humidity beneath the film, allowing heat to penetrate deeper into the soil effectively.
After the sterilization period, the plastic is removed, and the soil is tilled once using a rotary cultivator. This prepares the bed for the next round of strawberry planting. The high temperature and humidity generated during the process (with temperatures inside the shed reaching up to 75°C and the surface hitting 65°C) effectively kill pathogens, weeds, and eggs in the soil. The wheat straw is converted into organic matter, while the soil purifying agent becomes available nitrogen, improving both soil fertility and structure. This method not only disinfects the soil but also enhances its quality, making it a win-win solution for sustainable strawberry farming.
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