First, selected varieties, appropriate sowing according to the local accumulated temperature, variety ripening period selected by the State, Province or Reclamation Bureau approved by the high-yield, high-quality, strong resistance varieties as the main cultivars. The seeding period of the greenhouse seedlings can be earlier than the seeding period of the greenhouses, and the seedling age can be controlled within 30 to 45 days.

Second, to build greenhouses, warming soil in general greenhouses or greenhouses in cold rice cultivation, air capacity, large temperature difference between day and night, to avoid early low temperature on the impact of nursery. In cold springs, early spring temperatures are low, and the soil temperature is slowly rising. It is necessary to build greenhouses 10 to 20 days ahead of the sowing date to speed up soil warming. In general, the sheds are 5.0 to 6.0 meters wide, 1.5 meters high and 30 to 40 meters long. The sheds are 6.0 to 7.0 meters wide, 2.2 to 2.7 meters high and 60 meters long. Before the emergence of the rice cultivation area in cold areas, the main purpose is to keep warm.

Third, the bed soil production, pendulum plate soil seedbed bed soil to remove the stones, dead branches and rotten leaves. Do a good job in acid, disinfection and fertilization, adjust the acid can be used strong Zhuang agent or solid acid sulfuric acid, bed soil suitable pH value of 4.5 to 5.5, prevent blight and so on, to cultivate strong seedlings. Bed soil is sifted through three parts of upland soil or paddy soil, mixed with a fully decomposed and sieved organic fertilizer, and then the pH is firstly determined to determine the acidity to be adjusted, and the bed soil is then acidified, disinfected and fertilized. . Before the disinfection, the foot water shall be poured first, and the bed soil moisture shall be saturated after the application of the disinfection. Bed soil disinfectants are generally used 30% Rui Miaoqing, 30% soil bacteria or 3% seedling spirit, seedling green. After the processes of leveling, acid adjustment, disinfection and fertilization are completed, 2 to 3 days before sowing, the rakes are placed neatly on the bed, and the sampans are placed close to each other, and the bed is soiled with a swing. Bed soil thickness should be uniform, generally about 2.5 centimeters thick, with soil sealed around the sub-disk.

Fourth, soaking germination, precision seeding before sowing germination test as required, requiring seed germination rate of 85% to 90%. The conventional japonica rice in the north is selected by salt water with a specific gravity of 1.13 or mechanically selected. Pre-sowing seeds and seed treatment before sowing, soaking with fungicides such as seed coating, “soaking seed”, “Sprocc + natural brassin”, and “Silk hour” for 72 hours (Heilongjiang is generally at 12°C Soaking for 5 to 7 days at the right and left temperature prevents the emergence of pathogens such as seedling blight and bastard disease. Using high temperature (35 ~ 38 °C) broken chest, exposed white seed temperature control at 25 ~ 28 °C or so, appropriate temperature germination, shoot length less than 2 mm, after sowing buds evenly sowing. In general, sowing at the local temperature of 5~6°C, proper early sowing, and dry seeding, the best sowing date in Heilongjiang Province is April 15~20. The three-membrane-covered (large greenhouse film, small greenhouse film, and plastic film) seedlings can be planted on April 5-15. Press 3 acres of seeds per acre Honda, with 5 to 6 kg of water, add 25% of Bao Ke EC 2 ml or 35% 20 ml of Yamiao Ling mix, the water temperature is maintained at about 12 °C, soaking and disinfection for 5 to 7 days. It is recommended to promote bag seed soaking, which facilitates turning, draining, and aeration, and tipping up and down once a day. Wherever possible conditions can be concentrated soaking germination technology. Machine transplanting conventional rice japonica seeding volume 90 ~ 120 g / plate. Before sowing, the smashing discs are thoroughly sprayed with fine atomizers to dilute the bottom water, and can be sown with a precision seeder to achieve rare and strong seeding.

V. Greenhouse Temperature and Water Management in Seedling Vegetation Temperature and Humidity Standards in All Phases: 1. Seed root development period: from sowing to emergence, about 7~9 days, mainly to cultivate seed roots, this period is generally not watered The temperature in the shed does not exceed 32°C. If the film is covered, the plastic film will be removed after emergence. If the temperature exceeds 35°C, the ventilation on the sides of the greenhouse should be opened and the ventilation should be turned off at 4 to 5 pm. 2. The first complete leaf extension period: It takes about 5 days from the emergence to the first full leaf deployment. During this period, the height of the first leaf sheath is not more than 3 cm above the ground, and the sheath leaf that is co-extensive with the first leaf is promoted by the underground. Root roots of 5 roots, remove 80% of the seedlings when the film is removed, the greenhouse temperature is controlled at 22 ~ 25 °C, the maximum does not exceed 28 °C, timely ventilation and training seedlings; in addition to the seedbed over dry water, generally less or no watering, so that The seedbed remains in a dry field state. 3. Weaning period: from the second leaf tip to the third leaf, it takes about 10~14 days to prevent the stems and leaves from becoming long, and the temperature and moisture are controlled. The temperature in the shed is controlled at 20~22°C. The maximum is not more than 25 °C; If the bed is white and the roots are well developed, the tip of the heart does not spit water in the morning or evening, or the leaf curls in the noon, and it is watered at about 8 o'clock in the morning and drenched once. Before transplanting, according to the weather and the temperature conditions in the shed, more vents should be provided for timely training. The daytime temperature for practicing seedlings generally does not exceed 20°C, and is generally not less than 10°C at night. When nighttime temperature stability passes 7°C, it can be ventilated overnight.

Sixth, nurture strong bred, prevent diseases such as seedlings appear leaf color change, should apply urea fertilizer. Transplanting seedlings are mostly seedlings, northern cold rice requires 30 to 35 days of age, leaf age of 3.1 to 3.5 leaves, plant height of 12 to 15 cm.

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