Fertilization practices vary depending on ecological conditions, soil type, and cultivation methods. To determine the appropriate amount and timing of fertilization, it's essential to model differences in local soil nutrient levels, nutrient supply capacity, and fertilizer efficiency. Soil excavation is used to measure nutrient content based on balanced fertilization formulas. In areas where such data is unavailable, adjustments can be made by referring to standard fertilization guidelines for each crop, considering soil fertility and tree vitality. **1. Fertilization for Young Trees (Aged 1–4 Years)** - **Timing**: Apply fertilizer at least 6–8 times a year, with applications 10–15 days before and after new shoot growth. Stop top-dressing after September to avoid late autumn sprouting. - **Amount**: As the tree matures, increase the fertilizer quantity annually. Before new shoots appear, apply 0.1–0.2 kg of urea or 0.1–0.2 kg of medium-to-high concentration compound fertilizer, along with 5–10 kg of decomposed manure water or 20–30% bran cake water. After pruning, use 0.1–0.15 kg of high-concentration compound fertilizer. **2. Fertilization for Mature Trees (Over 5 Years Old)** - **Initial Bearing Trees**: Focus on fruit harvesting and pre-flowering fertilizers. - **Post-Harvest Fertilizer (Dec–Jan)**: Use organic and slow-release fertilizers as the main source, with quick-acting fertilizers as a supplement. Apply 0.15–0.3 kg urea, 0.1–0.3 kg high-concentration compound fertilizer, and 10–20 kg farmyard manure per plant. - **Pre-Flowering Fertilizer (Feb–Mar)**: Apply 0.1–0.25 kg urea, 0.1–0.3 kg compound fertilizer, and 10–20 kg farmyard manure to support strong spring shoots and better flower quality. - **Autumn Shoot Fertilizer (Mid-July)**: This is the most important application, accounting for about 50% of the annual fertilizer use. Apply 0.2–0.3 kg urea, 1–2 kg bran cake, 0.5–1.0 kg calcium-magnesium-phosphate, and 0.25–0.3 kg potassium sulfate per plant. - **Peak Bearing Trees**: Apply fertilizer 4–5 times a year, focusing on post-harvest, pre-spring shoot, and pre-autumn shoot periods. - **Post-Harvest Fertilizer**: Apply before fruit picking for late-maturing varieties, and after picking for mid-season types. Use 0.5–1 kg urea, 40–50 kg farmyard manure, and 1–2 kg bran cake. Add 0.5 kg lime if the soil is acidic. - **Pre-Flowering Fertilizer**: Apply 15 days before spring shoot growth. Use 0.3–0.5 kg urea, 0.3–0.5 kg high-concentration compound fertilizer, and 2–3 kg bio-organic fertilizer. - **Fruit Development Fertilizer**: Adjust based on tree condition. Apply 0.2–0.3 kg urea or 0.4–0.5 kg compound fertilizer. - **Autumn Shoot Promoter (Summer Heat Period)**: Apply 15 days before shoot emergence. Use 2–3 kg bran cake, 0.5–0.6 kg high-density compound fertilizer, 0.3–0.5 kg potassium sulfate, and 0.5–1 kg calcium magnesium phosphate. **3. Fertilization Methods** - **Ring Groove Fertilization**: Dig a ring or semi-circular trench outside the canopy drip line, 15–20 cm wide and deep. Place fertilizer in the trench and cover immediately. - **Trench Fertilization**: Dig two parallel trenches on either side of the canopy drip line, 20–30 cm wide and deep. Rotate positions each year. If the soil is compacted, dig deeper than 60 cm and fill with fertilizer. **4. Foliar Fertilization** Apply foliar sprays during key growth stages. During the flowering bud stage, spray a mixture of borax and urea 1–2 times to improve flower quality and fruit set. During full bloom, apply potassium dihydrogen phosphate and urea 2–3 times to reduce fruit drop and promote young fruit growth. After fruiting, spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate helps restore tree vigor, protect leaves, and prepare for next season’s yield. Always follow recommended concentrations to avoid leaf burn: - Urea: 0.1–0.2% - Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate: 0.1–0.2% - Borax: 0.1–0.2% - Magnesium Sulfate: 0.3–0.5% - Zinc Sulfate: 0.1–0.3% Spray once a week for best results.

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