In summer, high temperatures and humidity create the perfect environment for parasites that affect livestock and poultry. Among these, many are flying blood-sucking insects. There are approximately 7 species across 5 categories, including flies, Anopheles mosquitoes, Culex mosquitoes, Aedes mosquitoes, ticks, aphids, and grasshoppers.
Blood-sucking flying insects pose serious threats to animals. Their direct harm includes sucking blood, which can lead to anemia, and biting the skin, causing irritation, itching, restlessness, and even aggression. These issues can disrupt sleep and feeding patterns, leading to reduced appetite, slower growth, lower productivity, and decreased milk or egg output. Indirectly, they spread infectious diseases such as bovine viral diarrhea, bluetongue, and chicken pox. They also transmit internal parasites like poultry trypanosomiasis, onchocercosis, and chicken leukocytozoonosis.
To prevent infestations, maintaining clean surroundings is essential. Leveling the ground and eliminating puddles helps remove breeding sites for these pests. Manure should be piled up, covered with wet mud, and sealed with plastic to generate heat over 60°C, which effectively kills fly larvae and other pests. Installing screens and netting on doors and windows in animal housing areas is also recommended.
Pesticides can be used to control these insects. A 0.05% solution of phosmet can be sprayed on surfaces, while poultry should avoid organophosphate insecticides. Instead, a 0.2% pyrethrin-based kerosene solution may be applied. Another option is using repellent balls coated with insect-repelling substances, which can be placed on animals to deter flies and other pests.
A natural alternative involves using fresh squid tree branches. Mix diesel and water in a 3:7 ratio, tie fresh twigs into bundles (about 500 grams each), dip them in the mixture, and hang them near pigsties or barns. This method is highly effective at repelling mosquitoes and other flying insects.
For open-air livestock areas, burning insect-repelling materials in shallow ditches around the site can help reduce pest populations. By lighting these ditches in the direction of the wind, the smoke can effectively drive away flying insects and improve the living conditions for the animals.
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