I. Assessing Fish Hunger:

(a) Observe the time it takes for fish to eat. Normally, fish should consume their food within 3 hours after feeding. If they finish in just 2 hours, it may indicate that the portion was too small, and some fish didn’t get enough. In such cases, you should increase the feed amount at the next meal. On the other hand, if the food remains uneaten for more than 4 hours, it suggests that the fish are well-fed. In this case, you can reduce the next feeding slightly.

(b) Monitor fish growth. During April and May, fish tend to eat more as their growth rate increases. When planning your feeding schedule over a week or ten days, pay attention to the differences between the start and end of each period. If the fish consistently finish their food within 2 hours by the weekend or the end of the ten-day cycle, it means they’ve grown and require more feed. You should gradually increase the feeding amount until December, when you can use this method to determine if the fish are being properly nourished.

(3) Check water activity. After feeding, if the fish are not sick but are constantly swimming near the surface, it’s a sign of hunger. However, once they’ve eaten, they usually move to the bottom of the pond. Young fish or fingerlings that swim wildly on the surface are showing signs of severe hunger, commonly known as “race horse disease.” This requires immediate feeding to prevent mass deaths. For species like carp or silver carp, which mainly feed on plankton, you can assess their nutritional needs based on water conditions. If the water is too clear, consider adding fertilizers to boost plankton growth. If the water becomes too rich and shows signs of deterioration, change the water immediately to improve oxygen levels. In extreme cases, you may need to use trichlorfon to control zooplankton populations, which can help promote healthier fish growth.

II. Preventing Hunger and Uneven Feeding:

It’s important to have a clear plan regarding how much, when, where, and how often to feed. As the saying goes, “Stop feeding one day, and the fish will starve for three.” Some farmers only check the ponds when they’re busy, neglecting the fish for days. Others feed concentrated feed in a small area, less than 10 square meters, leading to uneven feeding and inconsistent growth. This can prevent you from reaching your production goals. Additionally, some people don’t care about feed quality and even feed moldy food, which can cause diseases and significant losses. To succeed in aquaculture, it's essential to learn how to recognize when fish are hungry or full. Stick to the “four definite” feeding method—quantitative, qualitative, positional, and timely—to ensure optimal growth and high yields.

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