To improve the fermentation process and ensure optimal microbial activity, extend the fermentation time by raising the temperature of the culture material to 50°C and maintaining it for 8–10 hours. During this period, turn the material daily and ensure proper aeration by opening the pores. Keep the moisture level consistent—never allow it to dry out. This helps maintain ideal conditions for thermophilic microorganisms.
Avoid using cold water when preparing the bags, as it can reduce the activity of heat-loving bacteria. Adjust the moisture content of the culture material at least two days in advance to ensure stability. Once the bags are sealed, the internal temperature should rise quickly to 35°C. The core of the bag should reach 40°C and stay there for two days. After that, the bags should be slightly inflated to allow for air exchange, causing a small temperature drop of about 5°C. Then, raise the temperature back to 35°C, allowing the bacterial cultures to form antibody pellicles. Gradually bring the temperature down to room level. This method not only promotes rapid growth of thermophilic actinomycetes but also helps eliminate eggs and other harmful bacteria.
For seeding, use the particle ring broadcast method. Place the inoculum in the center of the bag’s cover using a ring sowing technique. This helps protect the bacteria from the intense heat in the middle of the bag, reducing their recovery time and improving overall performance.
To prevent bad odors, avoid exposure to substances like paint, gasoline, or pesticides, as they can harm beneficial microbes. Experienced mushroom growers often perform fungal cultivation outdoors to minimize contamination risks.
Lastly, take proactive steps to prevent pests and diseases. As the saying goes, “prevention is better than cure.†Old yam fields tend to have high levels of pests and pathogens, so strict sterilization is essential. Before starting the germination process, ensure all materials are thoroughly sterilized. Repeat the sterilization process every three days for 3–4 times, making sure to do it consistently throughout the entire process. This helps maintain a clean environment and supports healthy microbial growth.
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