I. Assessing Fish Hunger:

(a) Observe the time it takes for fish to eat. After feeding, it is normal for them to consume their food within 3 hours. If they finish eating in about 2 hours, it suggests that the amount provided was insufficient, and some fish may not have eaten enough. In such cases, you should increase the feed slightly during the next feeding. On the other hand, if the food remains uneaten after 4 hours, it indicates that the fish are well-fed, and the next feeding can be reduced slightly.

(b) Monitor the growth of the fish. During April and May, fish tend to eat more as their growth rate increases. When planning your feeding schedule for a week or a ten-day period, pay attention to changes between the start and end of each period. If the fish consistently finish their meal within 2 hours by the weekend or at the end of the ten days, this means they have grown significantly and require more food. You should continue increasing the feed until December, when you can use this method to determine if your feeding strategy is effective.

(c) Watch the water movement. After feeding, if the fish are active on the surface and not showing signs of illness, it could indicate hunger. However, if they settle at the bottom of the pond, it usually means they are full. Young fish or fingerlings that swim wildly on the surface are a clear sign of severe hunger, often referred to as “race horse disease.” This condition requires immediate feeding to prevent mass deaths. For species like carp and silver carp, which mainly feed on plankton, observe whether the water quality supports their growth. If the water is too thin, consider fertilizing to boost plankton levels. If the water becomes overly rich and shows signs of deterioration, change the water immediately to improve oxygen levels. In extreme cases, you may need to use trichlorfon to control zooplankton populations, which can help promote better fish growth.

II. Preventing Hunger and Uneven Feeding:

It's important to feed fish with precision—knowing how much to feed, where to place it, and when to do so. The saying goes, “Feed once a day, but skip three days.” Some farmers neglect their ponds when busy, leaving them unattended for days. Others feed concentrated feeds in a small area of less than 10 square meters, causing uneven consumption and inconsistent growth. This leads to lower yields and poor performance. Additionally, some farmers feed spoiled or moldy feed directly, resulting in diseases and significant losses. To achieve high productivity, it’s essential to learn how to recognize when fish are hungry or full. Stick to the “four definite” feeding method: quantity, quality, location, and timing. This scientific approach ensures better results and healthier fish.

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