This standard outlines the procedure for determining the moisture content in various types of soil, excluding gypsum and organic soils that contain more than 20% organic matter. The method is based on the principle that the loss of weight during drying at 105°C to a constant weight corresponds to the moisture content of the soil sample.
To perform the test, several instruments are required, including an earth drill, a 1mm sieve, aluminum boxes (small and large sizes), an analytical balance with precision of 0.001g and 0.01g, a small electric oven for constant temperature, and a desiccator containing silica gel or anhydrous calcium chloride. Proper sample preparation is essential. Air-dried samples should be collected, crushed, and passed through a 1mm sieve before use. Fresh soil samples must be taken from the field, carefully handled to avoid contamination, and transported in sealed containers to prevent moisture loss.
For air-dried soil samples, a small aluminum box is first dried and weighed. A known amount of soil is added, and the total mass is recorded. The sample is then dried in the oven for about six hours and reweighed after cooling in a desiccator. This process is repeated in parallel to ensure accuracy. For fresh soil samples, larger aluminum boxes are used, and the drying time is extended to 12 hours. These samples are tested in triplicate to improve reliability.
The moisture content can be calculated using two formulas: one based on the dry soil mass and another based on the initial wet mass. The results are expressed as an average, rounded to one decimal place. The acceptable difference between parallel tests depends on the moisture level—less than 0.2% for low-moisture soils, up to 0.3% for medium moisture, and up to 0.7% for high-moisture or coarse-grained soils.
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