With the improvement of the people’s living standards and the increase in health awareness, black fungus sales have undergone new changes in quantity and quality in recent years. The traditional cultivation model, Duanmu cultivation, has “difficult to supportâ€. First, the consumption of fungus resources is too large and it is not conducive to long-term development. Second, relying on semi-natural manual management of low yields, the efficiency of cultivation is not stable. It is urgent for the progress of the times to increase efficiency, and industrialization calls for innovation in cultivation. Faced with the low survival rate of black fungus bags, easy contamination of bacteria, and low yield, it is a common headache for edible fungus. The scientific and technical personnel of the edible fungi field of Anren Fuzhong, Longquan City conducted a scientific and bold exploration and cultivation. After three years, they finally mastered the cultivation points. The success rate of inoculation, output and quality of ear output were greatly exceeded in the past year. To coach a group of ear farmers to get rich.
The cultivation techniques are introduced as follows:
1, the cultivation season. Bags should be in early October to early November, the most ideal time, the room temperature 18-24 °C, the relative humidity of 65%, and the temperature is gradually lower bacteria activity at a low tide, is conducive to eating black fungus mycelium, also Early spring ears.
2, raw materials and ratio. The black agaric raw materials for bag cultivation are mainly broad-leaved sawdust. One-time crushed into a grain shape, cottonseed hull and rice hull flour are ideal culture materials, and the medium composed of bran, rice bran and other auxiliary materials. Raw materials require fresh, no mildew. Formula 1: 80% of wood chips, 10% of rice bran, 8% of bran, 1% of calcium carbonate and 1% of brown sugar. Formulation 2: 60% of wood chips, 28% of rice hull powder, 10% of bran, 1% of calcium carbonate and 1% of brown sugar. The formula above has a water content of about 55%.
3, bagging sterilization. The use of 15cm55cm low-pressure polyethylene polyethylene tube, the bag handling - bagging - sterilization - inoculation roughly similar to the mushroom bag (inoculated after bagging with a bag), the difference is that the indoor hyphae culture, row out The difference between the ears, the appropriate temperature of the bacteria culture to 10cm when the balloon bag unbundled oxygen, promote germination.
4, ear selection. Select well-ventilated, sunny, convenient water sources, pollution-free sources, flood-protected fields or dry land for the ear. The whole bed is turtle-shaped and 120cm wide. The length is not limited. The side ditch is a sidewalk. With a small wooden pole or wire frame, slightly thinner than the mushroom tube. The floor of the trampoline is covered with hay to facilitate moisturizing and prevent the erosion of the ear tubes by sediment. No need to cover the film, open-air show.
5, row and ear management. In early February, remove the fungus tube from the ear field, select sunny days or cloudy days, and tie the fungus tube into 150 ear-holes (using a 0.6-cm nail head to make a puncture tool). After 7 days, fine water management can be sprayed. Sprays are taken once in the morning and in the evening. Each time the water sprays back and forth, the management ear can be picked up after eight or nine minutes. Pick a batch of heads for one time, make them evenly on both ears, and promote the formation of hyphae fruiting bodies. Moisture management: Black fungus is different from shiitake mushrooms. The earphones should be kept dry, wet and dry, wet and dry alternately. After a batch of ears are collected, the bacteria are kept for a week and the water spray is stopped until the second batch of ears is formed. Three to five batches of black fungus processed and dried are very simple and can be dried in the sun.
The new method of bagging black agaric technology points: Accurately arrange the bag making time, because the October temperature is cool and crisp; after the inoculation, it is properly piled and properly ventilated; after the winter, the bacteria slowly grow, keeping the temperature of the bacteria barrel at the natural temperature, avoiding direct light, and the next year 2 Earlier in the month, the ears were earshot and scientifically used to pierce the ear canal so that the fungus tube was not damaged and stimulated. By early spring rain, the ear was abundant, the tide was quick, there was no pests and no pesticides were sprayed, and the dried ear was of good quality. It is easy to manage, and saves the construction of arbours, plastic films, etc. compared with bagged mushrooms. The processing is simple, the cultivation is easy to grasp, and it takes only 4 months from earshot to harvest. Bag-planted black fungus cost is slightly lower than that of bag-planted shiitake mushrooms. Bags produce 50-75 grams of dry ears. Calculated according to the market price of 46 yuan/kg, the income per bag is 2.3-3.0 yuan. Also when the seasonal market is empty, the products are sold well and the economic benefits are considerable.
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