First, avoid sensitive periods for sensitive crops and crops. The sensitivity and tolerance of chlorine vary greatly among different crops and varieties. Chlorine-sensitive crops are known as bogey-free crops, such as tobacco, tea, citrus, grapes, watermelons, potatoes, and milk vetch, and generally do not use or strictly control the amount of chlorinated fertilizers. Different varieties of the same crop have different chlorine resistance. For example, among rice varieties, hybrid rice has the strongest chlorine resistance. Chlorine resistance in conventional early rice is weak, and the chlorine sensitive period of crops must be avoided. The chlorine-sensitive period of crops is mostly in the seedling stage, such as rice in the 3-leaf-5 leaf stage; wheat in the 2-leaf stage-5 leaf stage; Chinese cabbage, Chinese cabbage, and rapeseed in the 4-leaf-6 leaf stage.
Second, pay attention to application methods. When basal fertilizer containing chlorinated fertilizer is used, it should be applied deeper and covered with soil. Usually, it should be applied one week before sowing or transplanting, and applied to the seed or the underside of seedlings, preferably 5 cm to 7 cm from surface soil. When making top dressing: Take a hole or strip and apply 5 cm to 10 cm away from the crop. Do not use it. When the application amount is large, it can be divided into 2 times - 3 times topdressing. Top dressing can also dilute or dilute manure water.
Third, try to apply in seasons and regions with more rainfall. Applying chlorinated fertilizers in rainy seasons or in areas with high precipitation, chloride ions can be leached with water and are not easily accumulated in the soil, thus avoiding side effects on crops. Dry lands without irrigation conditions, saline-alkaline lands with poor drainage, and high-temperature and dry seasons, and areas with low water and rainfall are preferred to use no or little chlorinated fertilizers.
Fourth, with the application of decomposed organic fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer. In the application of chlorinated fertilizers, combined with the application of decomposed organic fertilizer, can increase fertilizer efficiency, reduce the adverse effects of chloride ions on the soil; in the soil with low effective phosphorus content, chloride ions can inhibit phosphorus absorption of crops. Therefore, appropriate amount of phosphate fertilizer should be applied when applying chlorinated fertilizer. Complex (mixed) Hefei and formula fertilizers containing chlorinated fertilizer and urea, ammonium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate, etc., can not only reduce the harm of chloride ions, but also be used in combination with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. It can balance the effects of fertilization.
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