First, the basic characteristics of different sources of shrimp ponds and pre-treatment measures
1. Shrimp ponds that have been transformed into fish ponds in four households (1) If the dredging and drying ponds were carried out in the early stage, there are mainly the disadvantages of the large number of pathogenic microorganisms. The treatment focuses on disinfection and sterilization, and chlorine dioxide with high efficiency and no residuals can be selected. The preparations such as “Hypotoxicity Solution†are completely disinfected, and the use of higher residual drugs should be avoided as much as possible, so as to avoid the difficulty of later water quality management. (2) If there is no previous treatment, there are disadvantages such as excessive silt, many pathogenic microorganisms, many parasites, and more wild fish. When time and conditions permit, it is necessary to remove too much silt and sunfish, and then Use the "hundred poison elimination solution" to disinfect the tea pot clear pond.
2. Ponds and ponds dug in paddy fields are generally not rich in fertilizers, harmful and toxic substances, ponds are susceptible to aging, compaction, poor water retention and fertilizer retention, and appropriate basal fertilizers should be used for treatment. At the same time, drugs should be used to eliminate or reduce soil and water. Toxicity, such as the use of "bottom net", "detoxification" and other treatment.
3. The newly excavated shrimp ponds in the wasteland and Huangnidi This type of land is mostly kaolin and red brick mud, and is slightly acidic and lean. The treatment focuses on fertilizing the soil with basal fertiliser.
4. Years of shrimp ponds (including shrimp ponds mainly used for wintering)
This kind of pond has a large amount of fat, and there are many pathogenic microorganisms closely related to shrimps. Ponds of this type should first undergo necessary dredging and thoroughly clear the pond before entering the water for planting.
Second, the characteristics and regulation of several common bad color of shrimp pond
1. The main reason for the occurrence of dark green and dark green water in this water color is that due to the increase of water temperature, the ageing of shrimp ponds and the increase of organic matter in the pool, resulting in the transformation of algae-dominated algae into mainly cyanobacteria, green Algae are secondary algae. The more blue-green algae, the more pronounced the dark green, and sometimes the formation of black-green water, the algae in which the algae is mainly Oscillatoria, Microcystis, Collembola; When the shrimp pond develops this kind of water color, the shrimp shells are attached with filamentous organisms. Poor appearance, slow growth, increased risk of illness. When encountering such dark green or dark green water, measures should be taken to turn it into green by replacing 1/4-1/3 of the pool water first and then applying the algicides such as chelated copper, algae and net etc. Oxygen should be noted after the algae sterilization, it is best to add chemical oxygenation agents such as "oxygenation", etc.; 3-4 days later, then use microbial water retentive agent to maintain a good water color.
2. Black-brown and soy sauce water intensive culture shrimp ponds Due to more feeding, the residual bait and feces are accumulated more and more, resulting in increased solubility and suspension of organic matter, brown algae, dinoflagellates, noctiluca, n. The dinoflagellates reproduce in large quantities and are prone to such water color. In addition, shrimp ponds with less water changes, shrimp ponds with more sediment, and shrimp ponds in the later period of cultivation often appear in this water color. The transparency of this water color is generally less than 15 cm. When the aerator is started or inflated into the shrimp pond, there is a large amount of foam that sticks together on the water surface. The treatment should first change the water, and then use the "bottom net" preliminary treatment, the next day can be used interchangeably "mystery" (4-5 acres / kg) and "strong iodine" (4-5 acres / 500 grams), 2-3 times to prevent the outbreak of the disease. After the water is basically stable, the microbial water repellent can be used to maintain a good water color.
3. The main reason for the formation of this water color in white turbid water is that the pond water contains a large amount of zooplankton. In the middle and late stages of cultivation, individual small zooplankton can not be preyed by pool shrimp, but instead affect the habitat of shrimp, reduce the dissolved oxygen in the pond, make the pond shrimp extremely unstable, and often swim along the pool side, affecting its growth. If a large number of ciliates reproduce, shrimps with weaker constitutions are often infected. In addition, because the white turbid water also contains more organic substances, various bacteria are prone to breeding, and pond shrimp are susceptible to disease. Therefore, when such water color appears, first use some safer drugs to kill some zooplankton, and then add fertilizer and good algae to cultivate water color. After stabilizing, you can refer to the previous method to maintain a good state of water color.
4. Clear pond water is clear and bottomed out. The transparency is generally above 1.5 meters. The main reason for this water color is the poor nutrition of the water body, or the over disinfection of the water body, or the pond soil is acidic soil. The treatment method is: Fully apply fertilizer to cultivate plankton, until the water color is basically stable, you can use the microbial water repellent to maintain a good water color. If the problem is soil acidity, use lime to adjust the pH to above 7.0 and then use the above method.
Third, the basic principles of water color control Although the formation of water color has many factors and complexity, but as long as grasp some basic principles, understand the basic characteristics of the pond ecosystem and increase the number of facilities, water quality control can achieve better results. The following principles should be followed for water training and water adjustment: (1) Adhere to dredging and clearing in winter; (2) Use reservoirs well; (3) Adjust salinity (except pure freshwater cultivation); (4) Increase water depth; ( 5) Introduce fine algae-colored water; (6) Apply regular fertilization; (7) Discharge algae water and inject new water; (8) Put lime, clay and fluorspar powder; (9) Reasonably use chemicals; (10) Diligently increase oxygenation machine. (Tianjin Fisheries)
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