At present, the key to increasing dairy cow benefits and achieving good returns lies in a combination of smart management, quality feed, and proper care. Let's take a look at the financial breakdown of raising a single dairy cow.
One major source of income is milk production. A high-quality dairy cow can produce around 25 kilograms of fresh milk per day. At a market price of 1.9 yuan per kilogram, that equals 47.5 yuan daily. With a lactation period of about 300 days per year, the annual milk income comes to 14,250 yuan. In addition to milk, calves also contribute to the income. Assuming one calf is born every two years—half male and half female—the average income from calves would be around 2,150 yuan annually. Adding both sources, total annual income is approximately 16,400 yuan.
Now, let’s look at the expenses. The largest cost is feed. A cow consumes 20 kg of silage daily at 0.24 yuan per kilogram, which is 4.8 yuan, plus 8 kg of concentrate at 1.7 yuan per kilogram, totaling 13.6 yuan. That makes the daily feed cost 18.4 yuan. Over a year, this amounts to 6,716 yuan. Other costs include labor (365 yuan), depreciation (1,500 yuan), dry period expenses (500 yuan), and health care (100 yuan), totaling 2,465 yuan. Combined, total annual expenses are 9,181 yuan.
Subtracting expenses from income gives an annual profit of 7,219 yuan. Even after accounting for loan interest or other additional costs (estimated at 2,000 yuan), the net profit still remains around 5,000 yuan per year—a significant return.
However, these profits depend on three key factors. First, it’s essential to raise high-quality cows. Only healthy, productive animals can generate consistent milk output. Second, nutrition must be balanced and scientifically formulated to support optimal milk yield and quality. Third, effective management is crucial—ensuring good health, proper housing, and regular care to maximize the cow's potential.
Without these foundations, even with good intentions, raising dairy cows may not be profitable. Therefore, farmers should understand that while dairy farming offers great economic potential and market opportunities, success requires attention to detail—raising good cattle, providing proper nutrition, and maintaining strong management practices.
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