According to weather forecast, from July to August, the precipitation in the central and southern parts of the province was 1 to 30% less, with a certain summer drought, and the temperature was higher than normal. Under such weather conditions, what trends will occur in vegetable pests and diseases, and what kind of diseases and pests will be conducive to this kind of climate? I. Analysis of the occurrence of vegetable pests and diseases 1. Diseases: The high temperature and drought climate have inhibitory effects on vegetable fungi and bacterial diseases. For example, from July to August last year, the incidence of bacterial wilt, root rot, cucumber downy mildew, pepper blight, and onion purple spot disease was relatively heavy, which was directly related to the rainy weather from July to August last year. This year, if there is little precipitation from July to August and the temperature is high, such diseases will occur lighter than in the previous year. However, the high temperature and drought climate is conducive to the occurrence of viral diseases, because the occurrence of virus disease and environmental conditions are closely related, generally high temperature and dry weather conducive to the transmission of insects aphids, whiteflies. Under high temperature and drought conditions, vegetables are also susceptible to physiological diseases such as cracking, rot and rot. The daytime temperature of tomato is higher than 35°C, and it is easy to produce empty fruit; the water supply is abnormal when the pepper and tomato are dry, the fruit loses water, which causes the growth and development to be obstructed to form the umbilical rot; the dry weather is not timely watering, if the water is suddenly watered, the flesh of the peel grows. Without synchronization, cracking can easily occur. 2. Insect pests: According to the base number of insects and climate prediction, this year the vegetables will prefer the drought and high temperature pests. There are cotton bollworm, beet armyworm, thrips, tiger, earthworm, red spider, whitefly and so on. According to monitoring, the occurrence of second-generation H. armigera in June of this year was the heaviest in recent years, with a cumulative total of 300 to 800 heads of black light and 5,000 heads of high, with the exception of cotton victims, tomatoes, peanuts, and soybeans. Eggs and insects on other crops are also high. Since the bollworm is a pest that occurs at high temperatures and droughts, the four generations of the three generations in July and the four months in August are all likely to occur. Spodoptera exigua has once broken out in our province. In the summer of 1997, it was an extremely drought-prone year. Succulent beet armyworms suddenly moved in a large number and endangered various crops. Vegetables were seriously damaged. In particular, the insects were extremely resistant to insects. difficult. According to a recent survey, Xinji City has attracted a large number of Spodoptera exigua adults since June and has accumulated 1172 at June 19; Dingzhou City has surveyed Yangchun 50 white larvae with 5-10 larvae, and the number is as high as 30 or more. Therefore, the vegetables in the summer and autumn of this year must pay attention to the beet armyworm. Thrips is an arid type of insect pest. This year, there is a high number of hazards in the grass crops. There are a large number of insect resources. If summer weather is arid, various melons, onions, beans, and leafy vegetables will be threatened. . Since 2004, serious underground pests such as ground tigers and earthworms have occurred. The recent monitoring of the provincial agricultural pest monitoring network has shown that the moth abundance of black tigers is abnormally high, and moth peaks occur simultaneously from June 7 to June 14. Small ground tigers, yellow tigers, earth tigers and tigers. The ground tiger is a kind of underground pest. In our province, the small ground tiger is the dominant species. The small ground tiger can not overwinter in our province. It is moved from the south to the south from April to May. The number of relocations this year is high. The ground tiger is an omnivorous pest that harms the seedlings of cotton, corn, beans, hemp, tobacco, and vegetables and fruit trees. The moths that move in will lay eggs in early July and the vegetable seedlings in July and August will be threatened. Whitefly, especially Bemisia tabaci, has been relatively lightly affected by the conditions of relatively low temperatures and relatively low temperatures in the summer and autumn of 2003 and 2004. However, the high temperature and drought this summer will be very conducive to the occurrence. Whitefly is currently occurring in melons and tomatoes. When Brassica, Cauliflower, and Cabbage are sown in Brassicaceae, the whitefly has a suitable host and will occur severely under high temperature and drought conditions. Second, prevention and control recommendations for the development of a variety of pests and diseases, farmers should do a good job of prevention and emergency work. Prevention is mainly anti-virus diseases, ground tigers, and physiological diseases. One of the prevention of viral diseases is the timely treatment of maggots, spraying imidacloprid, beta cypermethrin; the second is sprayed once before and after colonization of vegetables, "NS-83 increasing resistance agent" 1000 times, virus disease occurred in the initial spray 1.5% disease disease Ling 2 1000 Doubling liquid or 5% bacteriostatic water solution 400 times or 20% virus A WP 500 times or potassium permanganate 1000 times, once every 3 times, spray once every 7-10 days. In the vegetable seedling stage, the method for preventing tigers in the ground can be used for poisoning by bait and bait. The sauteed wheat bran is added with green leaves, and 90% trichlorfon mixed with 30 times liquid is used as a poison bait to be trapped and killed around the vegetable seedlings in the evening. In order to prevent the occurrence of physiological diseases, the first is to use shade nets to cover, to prevent the harm of high temperature; second, to balance the water and fertilizers, to prevent the bacillus of the umbilical can be sprayed with calcium phosphate, such as the beginning of the tomato flowering every 15 days to spray 1 times more than 6000 times Add 1% superphosphate and add 2 times. The fulminant pests of cotton bollworm, beet armyworm, thrips, ground tiger, red spider, whitefly should be promptly extinguished. For Helicoverpa armigera, special attention should be paid to the observation of oviposition in early July and late August to September, and medication should be administered during the period of escalation of eggs, such as 5% Sitabao 1500-2000 times or BT200 times or vegetables. Hi emulsion oil 1000 to 1500 times liquid spray. After Spodoptera exigua larvae were found, they were sprayed with 1.8% avermectin 300-fold or 5% Sitabao 1500-2000 times. The field where the tigers have occurred can be sprayed with pesticides in time: in the evening when cool, use 2.5% kung fu boy 1000 times liquid and 5% Sitabao 1500-2000 times liquid to spray on the vegetables and around the surface. The control of red spiders was sprayed with 20% fluorenone wettable powder 1500 times or 5% stuck oil 1000 to 2000 times liquid. Whitefly was sprayed with 5% acetamiprid EC 2000 times or 0.5% matrine 500 times. The pelicans check the flowers and the tender tips of the young leaves of the plants. They found that the leaves were twisted and damaged. When there are transparent films, they may have thrips, and they are sprayed with 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 1500 times.
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