Watermelon seedlings are often affected by two major physiological disorders: root rot and root scorching, both of which can significantly impact the growth and development of the plants. To prevent these issues, it's essential for farmers to understand their causes and implement proper management strategies.
Root rot is characterized by a change in root color from milky white to reddish-brown, with no new roots developing. Affected plants grow slowly, show stunted growth, and may wilt. This condition is primarily caused by cold and moist soil conditions, especially during rainy periods. It's also more common in fields where watermelons are continuously cultivated. To prevent root rot, it's recommended to use electric or bio-heated seedbeds in early spring to maintain optimal temperature and humidity. Watering should be carefully controlled, especially on rainy days. Avoid watering on light rain, and apply plant ash to help raise soil temperature and reduce humidity. Once new roots appear, a mixture of 802 at 4,000 times dilution and 100 times urea can be used to support root development.
On the other hand, root scorching presents symptoms such as yellowing roots, lack of new root formation, slow above-ground growth, short and brittle stems, and older-looking seedlings. This issue is mainly caused by over-fertilization and dry soil. Uneven mixing of the bed soil can also lead to this problem. To prevent root scorching, farmers should avoid excessive fertilizer application and ensure that organic fertilizers are fully decomposed before use. Fertilizers must be thoroughly mixed with the soil to prevent concentration. Keeping the bed soil consistently moist is crucial, especially when there's a risk of dehydration. For seedlings already showing signs of root scorching, increase watering frequency but avoid overwatering, which can cause further damage. Raising the temperature of the seedbed can also help promote root recovery. Applying a diluted 802 solution (4,000 times) can aid in restoring root health.
By understanding these two common seedling problems and taking timely preventive actions, watermelon farmers can greatly improve the success rate of their crop establishment.
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