Cucumber is currently the primary vegetable crop grown in greenhouses. Along with improving production management techniques, selecting cucumber varieties that are well-suited to local climate conditions is essential. This plays a key role in securing market advantages, achieving high yields, and enhancing overall efficiency. Over the past few years, through practical farming, experiments, and observations, five outstanding cucumber varieties have been identified. Below is an overview of their characteristics and performance in cultivation.
1. **Xintai Micole**
This variety exhibits good early maturity, with the first female flowers appearing between the 2nd and 4th nodes. The fruits are cylindrical, with minimal ridges, small and dense bumps, dark green skin, and a good yield. Each fruit weighs about 250 grams. It has strong disease resistance, especially under low temperatures and low light conditions. However, it is prone to downy mildew and powdery mildew when temperatures rise in spring, so moisture control is important. Additionally, the fruits tend to be long, leading to lower commercial value. It is best used as a complementary variety. In a standard greenhouse (50 meters long, 7 meters wide), the yield ranges from 3,500 to 4,000 kg per acre.
2. **Jinchun No. 3**
Developed by the Tianjin Cucumber Research Institute, this is a hybrid variety with good early maturity. The first female flower appears at the 3rd or 4th node, and the main fruit is mainly a gourd-shaped melon. The plant shows strong growth, with thick stems and lush, dark green leaves. The fruits are 30 cm long, straight, bright green, with moderate thorns. They are resistant to downy mildew and powdery mildew, and can tolerate low temperatures and low light. Each fruit weighs around 200 grams, and the fruits are tightly packed. In overwintering greenhouses, it produces a high early yield, but tends to age prematurely later on. Therefore, proper root rejuvenation and foliar fertilization should be emphasized during the later growth stage. While its overall yield isn't as high as Xintai Micole, it has a very high commercial quality due to shorter, more uniform fruits.
3. **Jinyou No. 2**
This variety has strong growth potential, with a dominant vine structure. The first female flower appears between the 3rd and 4th nodes, and the female flower rate exceeds 30%. The fruits are straight, 35 cm long, dark green, and have a high yield. It is resistant to low light and temperature, as well as wilt disease, and shows strong resistance to downy and powdery mildew. However, poor management can lead to fruit drop, especially before and after the Spring Festival, when fruits may begin to soften 10–20 days after harvest. Therefore, careful temperature control is necessary during these periods.
4. **Jinyou No. 3**
This variety has strong growth, with dark green foliage. It is mainly vine-bearing, with the first female flower appearing around the 4th node and a female flower rate of about 30%. The fruits are short, dark green, glossy, with prominent bumps and dense white thorns. The flesh is crisp, green, and white, offering excellent quality and high commercial value. Its yield before the Spring Festival is about 10% higher than Jinchun No. 3, and it is highly resistant to low temperatures, low light, wilt disease, downy mildew, and powdery mildew. It can reach up to 8,000 kg per mu during winter, making it one of the best all-around varieties for greenhouse cultivation.
5. **Jinlu No. 3**
This variety is mainly vine-bearing, with the first female flower appearing between the 3rd and 7th nodes. The female flower rate is around 40%, and the plant has a compact structure with strong growth and dark green, shiny leaves. The fruits have prominent bumps, dense white thorns, and are suitable for low-temperature and low-light environments. To ensure healthy winter growth, it's important to establish a strong framework early in the growing season.
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