According to the author's research, many kiwifruit orchards have an overabundance of buds, which can lead to poor fruit quality if not managed properly. From the bud stage onward, careful measures are taken to determine the optimal number of fruits to ensure high-quality yields.
1. **Proper Fruit Thinning**
Two weeks after flowering, fruit thinning is carried out. This involves removing poorly pollinated, deformed, or diseased fruits while keeping the healthy and well-developed ones. By doing so, the tree can focus its energy on producing fewer but higher-quality fruits. For long-term fruiting branches, 4-5 fruits per branch are ideal, with medium-sized fruits having 3-4 leaves. Shorter branches should have 1-2 fruits. With proper management, each tree can carry between 24,000 to 30,000 fruits, resulting in a yield of approximately 2,500 to 3,000 kg. This approach helps maintain stable production, reduces the occurrence of alternate bearing, and minimizes the risk of yellowing disease.
2. **Accurate Pollination for Better Fruit Shape**
(1) **Bee Pollination**: During the flowering period, which lasts about 7 days from the first bloom to the last, one hive of bees is placed every 8 mu (approximately 1.3 acres) of orchard. Bee pollination significantly increases fruit weight and improves overall fruit quality.
(2) **Artificial Pollination**: In case of rain or low temperatures, manual pollination is necessary. It’s best to pollinate before 10 a.m., using one flower to pollinate up to 8 others. That means one female flower can pollinate eight other female flowers. Performing this process three times in succession gives the best results.
3. **Pollination Techniques When Flowering Periods Don’t Align**
Sometimes male kiwifruit flowers open earlier than the females, making it difficult to achieve effective pollination. To address this, the trees can be sprayed with a growth regulator in autumn to delay the blooming of male flowers by 5–7 days, ensuring they flower at the same time as the females. Alternatively, pollen collected from early male flowers can be stored at below 5°C and used later for pollination, increasing the fruit set rate and improving overall productivity.
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