According to the author's research, many kiwifruit orchards have dense and abundant buds from the early growth stage. To ensure high-quality fruit production, it is essential to implement proper fruit thinning practices right from the bud stage.
1. **Appropriate Fruit Load**: Two weeks after flowering, fruit thinning should be carried out. This involves removing poorly pollinated, deformed, or diseased fruits while keeping the healthy and well-developed ones. The goal is to maintain a balanced fruit load. For long-term fruiting branches, 4-5 fruits per branch are ideal, with medium-sized fruits having 3-4 leaves. Shorter branches should carry 1-2 fruits. Under moderate management conditions, the recommended fruit count ranges between 24,000 to 30,000 per acre, resulting in a yield of approximately 2,500 to 3,000 kilograms. This practice ensures stable yields, prevents the "big and small year" phenomenon, and reduces the occurrence of yellowing disease.
2. **Accurate Pollination for Better Fruit Shape**:
(1) **Bee Pollination**: During the flowering period, which lasts about seven days from the first bloom to the last, one beehive should be placed every 8 mu (approximately 1.3 acres) of orchard. After bee pollination, the fruit weight increases significantly, and the overall quality improves.
(2) **Artificial Pollination**: In case of rain or low temperatures, manual pollination is necessary. It’s best to pollinate before 10 a.m., using one flower to pollinate up to eight others. That is, one female flower can pollinate eight other female flowers. Conducting this process three times in succession yields the best results.
3. **Pollination Strategies When Flowering Periods Don’t Align**: Some male kiwifruit vines flower earlier than the females. When the female flowers open, the male flowers may have already finished blooming, making natural pollination difficult. To address this, in the autumn, spray the trees with a 400-times diluted solution to delay the flowering time by 5–7 days the following year, ensuring that the male and female blooms coincide. Alternatively, collect pollen from the early male flowers and store it at a temperature below 5°C. This stored pollen can then be used for pollination, improving the fruit set rate significantly.
By implementing these strategies, growers can achieve consistent, high-quality kiwifruit production while addressing challenges related to pollination and fruit load management.
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