Before introducing color cotton, we must first understand the market demand, so that we can set production by sales. Since the price of colored cotton is several times that of white cotton, as long as the output and quality can reach a certain level, and the market has a market, the farmers can be encouraged to actively plant in places where conditions are available. Before the introduction, it is necessary to sign an underwriting contract with the purchasing unit, cotton spinning enterprise and other relevant departments, select the variety according to the order requirements and determine the planting area, so that the commercial production can be planned and organized. If you do not have the planting conditions, do not find a good market, it is best not to introduce, so as to avoid unnecessary economic losses.
Color cotton cultivation technology mainly has the following points:
To adapt to local conditions, select good varieties
At present, there are many varieties of colored cotton, and the quality of seeds varies widely. There are great differences between the characteristics of varieties and cultivation techniques, as well as suitable regions. Therefore, it is necessary to adapt to local conditions and select species suitable for the local climate, soil and other conditions. At present, the varieties that have been used for production in China are divided into brown according to their colors (such as brown lump 1 to 4, new colored cotton 2 and Hunan colored cotton 2) and green (such as new colored cotton 3, Hunan colored cotton 89, etc. Two types. Other color varieties are still in the breeding stage. They cannot be used for production yet. Do not use them. In the Yellow Sea region of China, conditions such as climate, water and fertilizers are good, and cross-breeding species should be used as far as possible so as to improve the yield and quality and increase economic benefits.
Choose lands with good conditions for water and fertilizer, and concentrate plantings in isolation
In order to ensure high quality and high yield of colored cotton, land plots with flat terrain, deep soil, fertile land, good irrigation and drainage conditions must be selected. In order to prevent natural hybridization, color degradation and miscellaneous, different colored cotton should be concentrated and isolated. White cotton and other colored cotton fields shall be provided around the cotton fields with a barrier zone with a bandwidth of 500 meters or more to prevent color cotton and white cotton and colored cotton of different colors from pollinating each other, causing confusion. If colored cotton and white cotton are mixed, or colored cotton of different colors is mixed, not only the colored cotton loses its own value, but also the white cotton is greatly reduced in quality due to the color cotton. At the same time, we must remove the miscellaneous strains in a timely manner during the whole growth period of colored cotton so as to avoid mixing.
Cultivate strong seedlings and transplant them properly
The current price of colored cotton seeds is relatively high. In order to save on seed use and ensure seedlings are fully, homogeneously, evenly and vigorously, seedling nursery should be actively promoted from the end of March to the beginning of April, and seedbed management should be strengthened after seeding to cultivate strong seedlings. The criteria for strong seedlings are: seedling age 30 days, true leaves up to 3, red stems just over half, and leaf greens without lesions. The field was transplanted in early May. To prevent weeding and promote the growth of seedlings, transplanting should be conducted according to the predetermined spacing requirements and deep basal fertilizer should be concentrated. After applying the basal fertilizer, the ground is leveled, and then the herbicide is sprayed: 72% of Dole EC per acre with 100 ml, or 25% of chlorotoluron 200 ml, or 25% of cetochlor 100 ml, 25 kg of water, evenly After spraying the ground, cover the mulch and then punch and transplant cotton seedlings.
Reasonable dense planting, moderate control
Generally, the coloring cotton individuals are smaller than white cotton. Under the same conditions, the planting density should be increased by 5%-7% compared to white cotton. The density of conventional colored cotton is generally 4000-4500 plants per acre, and the density of hybrid colored cotton is 3000-3500 plants per acre. In order to make the cotton plants evenly lighted, in order to facilitate the uniform coloring of cotton bolls, it is better to use uniform rows. Conventional color cotton spacing 80 cm, hybrid color cotton spacing 100 cm is appropriate.
Due to the weak growth of conventional cotton, the field management should be promoted mainly, supplemented by chemical control; hybrid colored cotton growth is stronger than conventional colored cotton, and the number of chemical control can be appropriately increased.
Re-applying organic fertilizers and rationally applying chemical fertilizers
Color cotton fertilizer is similar to conventional white cotton. Hybridized colored cotton has a greater potential for yield increase, and the amount of fertilizer should be increased by 10% to 20% compared to conventional colored cotton. Fertilization should be based on the principles of organic fertilizer, supplemented by chemical fertilizers, application of basal fertilizer, and appropriate early recovery of chemical fertilizers during the mid-fertility period. Basal fertilizer should be dominated by farmyard fertilizers, 2000 kg of farmhouse manure per mu, plus 20 kg of urea, 40 kg of superphosphate and 10 kg of potassium chloride. Flower bell fertilizer advances to the early flowering stage, with 20 kg of urea per mu and 10 kg of potassium chloride. In the later period of time, it will be timely to apply top dressing fertilizer, and the top cover fertilizer should be applied to the foliage with 1% to 2% urea solution for 2 times. The interval between the two should be 7 to 8 days.
Comprehensive control of pests, science picking cotton
Compared with conventional plain white cotton, cotton bollworm and cotton aphid are generally less harmful, and cotton red spider is more harmful than conventional white cotton. In the prevention and control of pests, we must take comprehensive measures to minimize the use of chemical pesticides in order to facilitate the improvement of fiber quality.
Do not pick up cotton bolls after prematurely, to make the cotton boll full cracking, to reach the standards of the shell dry enough to pick. If the weather is fine and rainless, dry for 1 to 2 days to pick better, so that the color of the cotton batting is pure and bright.
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