Cultivation of sweet potato seedlings should use high-quality, high-yield, disease-resistant sweet potato varieties, such as: sales of fresh potato-based Beijing 553, Beijing potato 18; mainly processed starch, Xushu 18, potato 98 and so on.
1. The nursery beds are built 30 to 40 days before planting. The bed is built in a north-south direction. The depth of the bed is 0.5 meters deep in the middle, 0.57 meters deep in the north, and 0.67 meters deep in the south. Dig two ventilation ditches with a width and depth of 0.15m around the wall of the bed, 0.35m from the wall in the north, and 0.17m from the wall in the south. Leave a vent in the middle of the wall between the east and the west and the bed. Connected, the two air outlets are one high and one low, facilitating air circulation. After the excavation of the bed, the wall was built around the bed, with a height of 0.45 meters in the north and 0.06 meters in the south. The east and west sides were built into slanted walls with low heights from the south to the north.
Second, the preparation of brewing materials with fresh horse dung, crushed corn stalk mixed 1:2, and then mix well with urine, spread on the bottom of the bed, and then cover the plastic film, cover the grass worm warming, when the heating material temperature When the temperature rises to 35°C, step on the real broiler and the thickness is 0.1m. The surface is covered with 0.08-0.1 m bed soil, plus 0.03 m sand.
Third, seed potato treatment should be selected to have the characteristics of the original species, potato shape is correct, the size of the potato block moderate, smooth and bright, not subject to cold, freezing, injury, disease as seed potatoes.
Pharmaceutical treatment: The method was to sterilize with 800-fold immersion in 70% pure thiophanate-methyl for 10 minutes.
Fourth, the row of potato seed potato head and Yang side, potato head pressure potato 1/3. After the seeds are seeded, the soil is soaked (about 10 kg/m2) with warm water at about 40°C, and the surface is covered with a layer of sand about 0.03 m.
Fifth, seedbed management
1. Warming and warming. Seeds within 3 days after going to bed, keeping the temperature of the potato layer at 34°C-37°C, keeping about 32°C for 4-7 days, keeping the bed temperature before emergence at 30°C-32°C, and gradually decreasing to 25°C as the seedlings grow after emergence. about. One or two days after picking, warming and warming should be added.
2. Adjust the moisture. Bed soil humidity is maintained at 70%-80% of the maximum soil water holding capacity.
3 hardening seedlings. After the potato seedlings are in full bloom, they are selected for sunny days to gradually reduce the air temperature. After the seedlings are 0.1 meters high, they can be ventilated day and night, and the seedlings are thawed at low temperature until the bed temperature drops to 20 to 22°C.
4. Top dressing. After each picking, top-dressing nitrogen fertilizer is mainly used for topdressing, with 0.05 kg of ammonium sulfate and 0.05 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate per square meter.
Sixth, picking seedlings timely picking seedlings. Sweet potato seedlings standard: seedling age 30 to 35 days, seedling leaves bright green, large leaves and hypertrophy, the top three leaves flush, thick stems, the original base more (0.5 cm in diameter, internode 3 to 4 cm), tough stems and not easy Broken, broken when the stem is more white and thick pulp, the whole plant without lesions, alum height of 20 to 25 cm, at least 8 to 9 knots, one hundred fresh weight of 0.5 kg or more.
At present, in order to better control the diseases of sweet potato, we strongly recommend the high-sweet potato seedling technology, that is, cut the seedlings on the seedling bed 3 to 5 centimeters from the base of the seedlings, or cut off the base of the seedlings after raising the seedlings. 5 cm can be. The premise is that high-cutting potato seedlings should be used for more than three days as appropriate, basically without affecting the survival rate.
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