In recent years, the adoption of two-line hybrid late rice varieties has gained significant traction in southern provinces such as Xiangliangyou 68, 65002, Eqiza No. 1, Liangyupete, Peizaoqing, and Peiyou 288. These varieties not only share the general advantages of three-line hybrid rice but also exhibit unique characteristics, including strong temperature sensitivity, limited flexibility in young plant age, a compact growth habit suitable for dense planting, and strong resistance to lodging and fertilizer stress, making them ideal for high-yield production. They show significant dry matter accumulation and nitrogen uptake during the later growth stages, with clear grain filling in both reproductive phases. However, they are more susceptible to rice smut during heading and flowering. To achieve optimal yields, special attention must be given to several key aspects beyond conventional high-yield practices.
First, strict seed disinfection is essential. Seeds should be soaked in clean water for 12 hours before being treated with strong chlorine or other disinfectants. After disinfection, rinse the seeds thoroughly with clean water to ensure safety and viability.
Second, timely sowing is crucial. In the Longnan region, the recommended sowing window for Liangyupete and Peizashanqing is between June 23 and 25, while in the southern Minnan region (including Nanchang), it's from June 18 to June 22. Peiyoupite and Peizashanqing should be sown about five days later. The sowing rate is typically 8–10 kg per mu (667 square meters). The seedling age for Liangyupete and Peizashanqing is 28–32 days, while Peiliangyou 288 requires a shorter period of 25–28 days. For Peiliangyou 288, sowing can be done at the end of June or early July, with pest control maintained within 20 days.
Third, proper planting spacing is important. A layout of 13 cm by 20 cm is recommended, ensuring that each 667 square meters contains 22,000 to 2.5 million seedlings, with 2 grains per hill and 80,000 to 10 million basic seedlings (with at least two leaves and one heart).
Fourth, scientific fertilization plays a critical role. Due to their high dry matter and nutrient uptake in the later growth stages, it's important to focus on mid- and late-season fertilization. Apply 1000–1500 kg of pig manure or 200–250 kg of fresh straw per 667 square meters, along with 40–50 kg of cake fertilizer, 30–40 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate, and 8–9 kg of urea as base fertilizer. Five to seven days after planting, apply 4–5 kg of urea and 7.5 kg of potassium chloride per 667 square meters during weeding. Thirty to thirty-two days after planting, apply another 4–5 kg of urea and 2–3 kg of potassium chloride for nutrient protection. During ear development, apply 2–2.5 kg of urea per 667 square meters to promote strong seed development.
Fifth, field management involves controlled irrigation. When the total number of tillers reaches 60,000–18 million per 667 square meters for Liangyipute and Peizashan, start draining the field and repeat this process several times. When the second leaf tip begins to curl, refill with shallow water until the rice panicle emerges. Keep the field moist for 3–5 days, then replenish with thin water to strengthen the plants. One week before harvesting, open the ditches and drain the field. Two-line hybrids tend to have large panicles, and the grouting stage is clearly visible in both sections.
Lastly, disease prevention is vital. Before heading, spray 400 liters of 14% copper ammonium solution or 75 liters of 20% triadimefon diluted in 50–60 kg of water to prevent rice smut. Be cautious not to use excessive concentrations, as this may damage the leaves.
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