Maintaining optimal temperature and humidity is essential for achieving high yields and stable production in yellow mealworm farming. These two factors are the most fundamental conditions for successful breeding. The ideal temperature range is between 20°C and 35°C, with humidity levels maintained at 60% to 70%.
During winter, many farmers manage to raise temperatures above 20°C during the day, but often experience a drop of 4–5°C at night. When temperatures fall below 15°C, the mealworms grow very slowly. If the nighttime temperature cannot be kept above 20°C, even if they consume plenty of food during the day, they won’t gain weight. This means that feed, coal, and labor all go to waste. Therefore, ensuring that the room remains above 20°C at night is crucial for successful breeding.
Incorrect humidity levels can lead to high mortality, especially during the pupation stage. Too much moisture can cause rotting, while too little can prevent proper development. To address low humidity, you can:
1. Mist water in the rearing area.
2. Adjust the frequency of watering.
3. Increase the moisture content of the main feed.
For high humidity, consider:
1. Ventilating by opening windows when the temperature is high.
2. Using a ventilation fan when it's cold.
3. Placing moisture-absorbing materials like quicklime or charcoal in the room, or using a dehumidifier if available.
Feed is a critical factor for consistent and high production. Poor-quality feed not only affects growth but can also lead to large-scale deaths. Avoid feeding any leaves contaminated with pesticides or wheat bran mixed with talcum powder. It’s important to use main and supplementary feeds properly. When feeding wheat bran, it should be paired with green feed. The amount of green feed should depend on the humidity level in the room. If the humidity is high, feed green feed every 4–5 days; if it’s low, feed it every other day. Ensure even distribution so all insects have access to food. Never feed green feed if there is no main feed left in the container.
Adult mealworms play a key role in high yield and stability. During egg-laying, they require additional nutrients. A lack of nutrition can shorten their lifespan and reduce egg production. Adults should always have enough food, with fresh green feed replaced daily and multivitamins added once a week. This improves both hatching rates and the health of the resulting insects. Adult mealworms live for 60–90 days. Their numbers must be maintained by promptly adding new adults—preferably those that are active and healthy. It’s recommended to purchase at least 50 kg of mealworms to maintain a population of 15–20 kg of adults, ensuring stable production over time.
The hatching rate is a major determinant of productivity. To improve it:
1. Set up a dedicated incubation room where temperature can be controlled and kept around 25°C, which can result in a hatching rate over 90%.
2. Maintain the correct humidity levels for incubation.
3. Separate adult egg trays promptly to avoid overcrowding and ensure better hatching success.
By carefully managing these four key factors—temperature, humidity, feed, and adult care—you can significantly increase your yield and ensure more consistent results in yellow mealworm farming.
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