From August 18 to August 25, experts and technicians from the Cotton Planting Professional Committee of the China Association of Rural Technology went to Hubei, Hongtao, Xiantao, Zhijiang, Tianmen, Hanchuan, and cotton producing towns and cities in Jingzhou to inspect cotton growth. Farmers report that this year's cotton growth is better than last year, and the number of single plants is about two more than last year. However, some farmers also report that the occurrence of cotton wilt is more serious. Indeed, some cotton varieties this year have a higher incidence in the bud stage to the early flowering stage, but after a period of high temperatures, pathogenic bacteria infestation is inhibited, and most susceptible species have basically resumed normal growth. But there are still farmers who believe that wilt disease is spreading and spreading. When we go to the investigation of the diseased field they say, on-site dissection of cotton stems and leaves is actually not a blight, but mild and moderate symptoms of lack of potassium, a few of the most serious lack In the potash-fertilized cotton field, the cotton has already dried up the leaves and stems. This is a completely different symptom from the wilt disease.
The farmers asked, puzzled, that we have already applied potash. Why does cotton still lack potassium? When we asked how much potassium fertilizer was applied, some said that 5 to 10 kg of potassium fertilizer was applied per mu of cotton field, and some said that only compound fertilizer was used and potassium fertilizer was included in the compound fertilizer. When asked about potash fertilizer, some said it was budding and others said it was flowering. When asked how to apply? Some said that it was applied, and some said it was applied alone, but not with nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer.
These conditions indicate that although some farmers have applied potash fertilizer, the application techniques have not been fully implemented. First, the amount of potassium applied is too small, and second, the fertilization method is inappropriate, so that many cotton still show symptoms of potassium deficiency.
At the 2011 China Cotton Association Annual Conference held in Anqing, Anhui Province on August 8, a report made by experts from several Chinese Agricultural University schools showed that the market share of transgenic insect-resistant cotton in China is very high, and genetically modified antibodies are Insect cotton has a slower rate of absorption and conversion of potash fertilizer, and the demand is larger. In recent years, the practical experience of planting insect-resistant cotton generally requires 30 kg of potassium sulfate or potassium chloride per acre. Although compound fertilizer contains a certain proportion of potash fertilizer, it is limited in quantity and must be supplemented with potassium fertilizer. The soil potassium content in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China is lower than that in the northern cotton and northwestern cotton areas, so the effect of potassium fertilizer application is more significant than that in other cotton areas.
On the method of potash application. First, the application of potash fertilizer is very wasteful, because the potassium oxide contained in potassium is very fast soluble, spreads on the soil surface of the cotton field, and is easy to lose after rainfall, so it is necessary to change it to deep application. Second, single application of potash has effect. , But with nitrogen fertilizer or nitrogen, phosphorus fertilizer application effect is better; the third is the time of application of potassium fertilizer, now generally used later, the general sub-basal fertilizer and bud stage twice better.
At present, there is a mixed performance of potassium deficiency in large-scale cotton fields. Lack of potash fertilizer affects not only the number of bolls and boll weight in cotton, but also the quality of fiber. In order to minimize losses, it is necessary to spray sulfuric acid immediately outside pest-insulated roots for potassium-deficient cotton fields. Potassium and other instant potassium fertilizer twice.
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