Currently, direct-seeded rice has entered the critical stage of effective leaf tillering, which is a key stage for promoting strong roots and building high-yield groups. Affected by factors such as drought and water shortage during the rice breeding period, the area of ​​direct-seeded rice planting in some areas of our province has been restored this year and the production risk has increased. Production should pay great attention to strengthening field management and minimizing the risk of live rice production.
The analysis of the seedling quality was affected by drought and water shortage in the first few months, long raining period in the middle and late June, heavy rainfall and high temperature in early July, and light irradiation. This year, the seedling situation of the direct seed rice in our province was complicated and the development was unbalanced. According to the survey results of the province's planting system, live rice production has the following characteristics. The first is the large number of broadcasts and the longer sowing time. Due to fear of drought affecting seedlings, the seeding volume of direct-seeded rice fields generally increased, and the sowing rate of some plots was as high as 10 kilograms per mu. Affected by continuous rains in the middle and late June, in some areas, direct-seeded rice could not be sown in time and the seeding period was elongated. The second is that the number of stem seedlings among the plots is uneven and the population quality is poor. According to a survey conducted on July 9th, fields with early sowing, large sowing, and emergence during rain fall on seedlings with a maximum of more than 300,000 seedlings per acre and a leaf age of 7.5 leaves; poor site preparation quality, drought, water shortage, and emergence period. The flooded plots are not homogeneous and weak, with less than 140,000 seedlings per mu, and only 3 to 4 leafages. The third is the occurrence of weeds. The field where the seedlings are exposed to rain is difficult to remove in time, and the grass damage is heavy. Some weedy rice plants in areas with long lived rice cultivation are heavy.
To strengthen the characteristics of field management for direct-seeded rice production, it is necessary to manage the classification of seedlings and improve the quality of the group.
The sparsely replenishing and sparsely cultivated the seedlings in the fields with uneven and uneven seedlings, and timely sparse seedlings in the fields with too many stems and seedlings and weak seedlings.
Early delivery of rice stemming from direct sowing of rice is more common, large groups, and shallow roots. It is necessary to put early delays, control the occurrence of ineffective delivery, promote root barrow, and reduce the risk of lodging. At present, the plots with more seedlings should be immediately drained and lightly cropped; the plots that have reached or approached the number of panicles should be properly dewatered; the plots with few basic seedlings and no fresh seedlings should be dehydrated first. Tian, ​​to promote the growth of new roots, and then timely in accordance with the principle of "time to time". Shelving should be carried out lightly and put down in batches to control 1.4 to 1.5 times of the expected number of spikes in the peak seedlings, and to increase the rate of population spikes. In the middle and late stages of rice growth, water slurry management, except for maintaining the water layer during meiosis and heading grouting, should be dominated by alternate dry-wet irrigation to keep the hard plate in the water to prevent late lodging. Cut off water 7 to 10 days before harvest, and it cannot be dehydrated prematurely to prevent premature aging. The filling period pays close attention to the changes in the weather, promptly irrigates the insulation before the arrival of strong cooling weather, and mitigates the cold hazards.
As seedlings usually fertilize 550 kg of direct-seeded rice fields, they need 18 kg of pure nitrogen, 6-8 kg of phosphorus pentoxide, and 8 to 10 kg of potassium oxide per mu, and adhere to the principles of promotion, control, and supplement. Nitrogen fertilizer management adheres to the "one-and three-recovery" strategy, with basic fertilizer accounting for 30%, weaned fertilizer accounting for 10%, tiller fertilizer accounting for 20% to 30%, and panicle fertilizer accounting for 30% (in two sub-applications to promote flower-based fertilizers). Base fertilizer, jointing fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer each accounted for 50%. At present, direct seeding fields with insufficient population and seedling growth potential must be promoted to be transformed, with urea 7.5 kg per mu; for unbalanced fields, compound fertilizers can be used to catch yellow ponds, and the amount should not be increased.
Strengthen pests and weeds to prevent and control the growth of direct seeded rice During the growth period of direct seeding rice, we must strengthen the control of pests and diseases, especially the sheath blight and “two migration†pests, and control the rice leaffolder and brown planthopper more than the transplanted rice one or two times. Prevention of rice smut and panicle blast. During the growth of rice, according to the occurrence of weeds in the field, selective use of benzyl dichloride, penoxsulam, and cyhalofop-butyl, etc., was used for control. The weedy rice should be removed early in the field, and the secondary plucking should be carried out during the booting stage of conventional rice and the heading of weedy rice.
Strengthen Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Measures Rice is a season in which catastrophic weather frequently occurs during the middle and late stages of the growth of rice, including typhoons, rainstorms, and extremely high temperatures. We must do a good job in preventing and reducing disasters. Accumulation of water in severe fields to assault drainage. For those plots that do not have matching trenches due to looting planting, it is necessary to make a surprise attack on the "three channels" internal and external facilities to ensure smooth drainage and irrigation.
The analysis of the seedling quality was affected by drought and water shortage in the first few months, long raining period in the middle and late June, heavy rainfall and high temperature in early July, and light irradiation. This year, the seedling situation of the direct seed rice in our province was complicated and the development was unbalanced. According to the survey results of the province's planting system, live rice production has the following characteristics. The first is the large number of broadcasts and the longer sowing time. Due to fear of drought affecting seedlings, the seeding volume of direct-seeded rice fields generally increased, and the sowing rate of some plots was as high as 10 kilograms per mu. Affected by continuous rains in the middle and late June, in some areas, direct-seeded rice could not be sown in time and the seeding period was elongated. The second is that the number of stem seedlings among the plots is uneven and the population quality is poor. According to a survey conducted on July 9th, fields with early sowing, large sowing, and emergence during rain fall on seedlings with a maximum of more than 300,000 seedlings per acre and a leaf age of 7.5 leaves; poor site preparation quality, drought, water shortage, and emergence period. The flooded plots are not homogeneous and weak, with less than 140,000 seedlings per mu, and only 3 to 4 leafages. The third is the occurrence of weeds. The field where the seedlings are exposed to rain is difficult to remove in time, and the grass damage is heavy. Some weedy rice plants in areas with long lived rice cultivation are heavy.
To strengthen the characteristics of field management for direct-seeded rice production, it is necessary to manage the classification of seedlings and improve the quality of the group.
The sparsely replenishing and sparsely cultivated the seedlings in the fields with uneven and uneven seedlings, and timely sparse seedlings in the fields with too many stems and seedlings and weak seedlings.
Early delivery of rice stemming from direct sowing of rice is more common, large groups, and shallow roots. It is necessary to put early delays, control the occurrence of ineffective delivery, promote root barrow, and reduce the risk of lodging. At present, the plots with more seedlings should be immediately drained and lightly cropped; the plots that have reached or approached the number of panicles should be properly dewatered; the plots with few basic seedlings and no fresh seedlings should be dehydrated first. Tian, ​​to promote the growth of new roots, and then timely in accordance with the principle of "time to time". Shelving should be carried out lightly and put down in batches to control 1.4 to 1.5 times of the expected number of spikes in the peak seedlings, and to increase the rate of population spikes. In the middle and late stages of rice growth, water slurry management, except for maintaining the water layer during meiosis and heading grouting, should be dominated by alternate dry-wet irrigation to keep the hard plate in the water to prevent late lodging. Cut off water 7 to 10 days before harvest, and it cannot be dehydrated prematurely to prevent premature aging. The filling period pays close attention to the changes in the weather, promptly irrigates the insulation before the arrival of strong cooling weather, and mitigates the cold hazards.
As seedlings usually fertilize 550 kg of direct-seeded rice fields, they need 18 kg of pure nitrogen, 6-8 kg of phosphorus pentoxide, and 8 to 10 kg of potassium oxide per mu, and adhere to the principles of promotion, control, and supplement. Nitrogen fertilizer management adheres to the "one-and three-recovery" strategy, with basic fertilizer accounting for 30%, weaned fertilizer accounting for 10%, tiller fertilizer accounting for 20% to 30%, and panicle fertilizer accounting for 30% (in two sub-applications to promote flower-based fertilizers). Base fertilizer, jointing fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer each accounted for 50%. At present, direct seeding fields with insufficient population and seedling growth potential must be promoted to be transformed, with urea 7.5 kg per mu; for unbalanced fields, compound fertilizers can be used to catch yellow ponds, and the amount should not be increased.
Strengthen pests and weeds to prevent and control the growth of direct seeded rice During the growth period of direct seeding rice, we must strengthen the control of pests and diseases, especially the sheath blight and “two migration†pests, and control the rice leaffolder and brown planthopper more than the transplanted rice one or two times. Prevention of rice smut and panicle blast. During the growth of rice, according to the occurrence of weeds in the field, selective use of benzyl dichloride, penoxsulam, and cyhalofop-butyl, etc., was used for control. The weedy rice should be removed early in the field, and the secondary plucking should be carried out during the booting stage of conventional rice and the heading of weedy rice.
Strengthen Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Measures Rice is a season in which catastrophic weather frequently occurs during the middle and late stages of the growth of rice, including typhoons, rainstorms, and extremely high temperatures. We must do a good job in preventing and reducing disasters. Accumulation of water in severe fields to assault drainage. For those plots that do not have matching trenches due to looting planting, it is necessary to make a surprise attack on the "three channels" internal and external facilities to ensure smooth drainage and irrigation.
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