In recent months, a significant number of farmers have been reaching out to the edible mushroom market, discussing cultivation plans and other related matters. It's clear that the commodity awareness among local growers is on the rise. They are no longer just producing for personal use but have shifted toward commercial farming. This shift signals a promising future for the industrialization of edible fungi, with more opportunities and smoother business operations ahead.
During this spring’s mushroom market, prices are expected to follow the general trend of vegetable prices, with a moderate increase. However, the overall situation remains stable, and there is optimism about the market performance.
When it comes to selling cultivated varieties, freshness should be the priority. Only in cases of high supply pressure should drying or salting be considered as alternative methods. The following strains and formulas are recommended for the main species:
**Pleurotus ostreatus (Oyster Mushroom):**
Fruiting can be arranged over 3–5 months. Recommended strains include 8359 and 12 broad-temperature strains from agricultural science institutions. A basic formula includes 250 kg of cottonseed hulls, 5 kg of lime powder, 3.5 kg of gypsum, 5 kg of superphosphate, 1 kg of urea, and one bag of three-dimensional nutrient pheromone. It's advisable to use plastic bags with a flat width of 20 or 22 cm.
**Agaricus bisporus (White Button Mushroom):**
After April, the harvest begins, using strain Nongxiang 66. A basic formula includes 450 kg of cottonseed hulls, 50 kg of wheat bran, 1.5 kg of lime, 5 kg of gypsum, 2.5 kg of light calcium, 3 kg of superphosphate, 1 kg of urea, and 250 g of mushroom additive. Alternatively, 450 kg of hardwood, 30 kg of wheat bran, 20 kg of corn flour, 1.5 kg of lime, 5 kg of gypsum, 2.5 kg of light calcium, 3 kg of superphosphate, and 250 g of special mushroom additive can be used. Plastic bags with a flat width of 20 or 22 cm are ideal, and clinker-based cultivation is recommended.
**Coprinus comatus (Shaggy Ink Cap):**
Fruiting is planned for 3–5 months. Strains such as Cc168 and agricultural C833 are suitable. With proper environmental control, fruiting can extend until late June. A basic formula includes 250 kg of cottonseed hulls, 5 kg of lime, 3.5 kg of gypsum, 5 kg of superphosphate, 1 kg of urea, and one bag of three-dimensional nutrition essence. An alternative formula uses 250 kg of corn cobs, 10 kg of lime, 4 kg of gypsum, 5 kg of superphosphate, 1 kg of urea, and one bag of three-dimensional nutrient essence. For advanced farmers, a wood pellet formula can be tried: 220 kg of hardwood sawdust, 30 kg of wheat bran, 10 kg of lime, 4 kg of gypsum, 5 kg of superphosphate, and 1 kg of urea. After fermentation, one bag of three-dimensional nutrient pheromone is added. A 22 cm wide plastic bag is recommended.
**Hydrangea (Maitake):**
Fruiting is scheduled for 3–5 months, with strain Agricultural Science 96 being ideal. The cultivation method is similar to that of mushrooms.
**Hericium erinaceus (Lion's Mane):**
Fruiting is arranged from March to June, with strain H08 being suitable. A basic formula includes 205 kg of wood chips, 25 kg of wheat bran, 20 kg of bean cake powder, 5 kg of superphosphate, 4 kg of gypsum, 4 kg of calcium carbonate, 1.5 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.6 kg of urea, 3 bags of successful preservation, and one bag of three-dimensional nutrient saccharin (mixed material type). Alternatively, 210 kg of cottonseed hulls, 30 kg of wheat bran, 10 kg of corn flour, 3 kg of gypsum, 5 kg of superphosphate, 3 bags of successful preservation, and one bag of three-dimensional nutrient essence (mixing type) can be used. Depending on the cultivation method, plastic bags with a flat width of 20 cm are typically used, and clinker-based sowing is common.
Overall, with improved techniques and better market understanding, the edible mushroom industry is moving toward greater efficiency and profitability. Farmers are now more informed and proactive, which bodes well for the future of the sector.
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