Plate heat exchanger instruction manual I. Overview Plate heat exchanger is the ideal equipment for liquid-liquid, liquid-vapor exchange. The utility model has the advantages of high heat exchange efficiency, small heat loss, compact and light structure, small occupied area, convenient installation and cleaning, wide application and long service life. In the case of the same pressure loss, the heat transfer coefficient is 3-5 times higher than that of the tube heat exchanger, and the floor space is one-third of the tube heat exchanger, and the heat recovery rate can be as high as 90% or more. Plate heat exchangers are widely used in metallurgy, petroleum, chemical, food, pharmaceutical, shipbuilding, textile, paper and other industries. They are excellent equipment for heating, cooling, heat recovery and rapid sterilization.
Second, the structure and shape of the BR series of products, the whole machine is equipped with two types of common structure (not often used for washing and unloading conditions) and hanging structure (removed and washed more frequently).
The common structure consists of main parts such as herringbone corrugated sheets, gaskets, compression plates, upper and lower positioning bolts, and compression bolts.
The hanging structure is composed of herringbone corrugated plates, gaskets, fixed pressing plates, intermediate plates, movable pressing plates, brackets, upper and lower positioning beams, and compression bolts.
Third, the process of the principle of plate heat exchanger due to the special role of the corrugated surface of the plate, so that the flow of fluid along the narrow curved channel, the direction of the speed changes continuously, resulting in fluid flow rate (Rc = 200) It stimulates strong end-action, thus accelerating the destruction of the fluid boundary layer, strengthening the heat transfer process, and effectively improving the heat transfer capacity. The utility model has the advantages of compact structure, low metal consumption, large operation flexibility, small heat loss, convenient installation, inspection and disassembly, strong corrosion resistance and long service life.
The process of the heat exchanger is assembled from a number of plates according to certain processes and technical requirements of the demanding side. During assembly, the A plate and the B plate are alternately arranged, and the four corner holes of the mesh channel are formed between the plates to form a distribution pipe and a confluent pipe, and the sealing gasket seals the cold and heat medium in the heat exchanger, and at the same time reasonably separates the cold and heat medium. Without mixing. The hot and cold fluids flow in the channel, which can flow backwards or downstream, and the hot and cold fluid exchanges heat through the wall during the flow. The flow combination of plate heat exchangers is many, which are realized by different reversing plates and different assembly. The process combination can be divided into single process, multi-process and vapor-liquid exchange process, and mixed process form.
The process combination of the heat exchanger is selected according to the process conditions.
4. Heat exchanger installation 1. There are 4 lifting lugs on the two compression plates of the plate heat exchanger for lifting. The slings shall not be hung on the connecting pipe, positioning beam or plate.
2. There should be about 1 meter of space around the heat exchanger for easy maintenance.
3. The installation of the inlet and outlet of the hot and cold medium shall be connected in strict accordance with the direction specified by the factory nameplate. Otherwise, the performance of the heat exchanger will be affected.
4. When installing the pipeline, the valve, pressure gauge and thermometer should be installed on the pipeline. The flow control valve should be installed at the inlet of the heat exchanger, and the exhaust valve should be installed at the outlet.
5. The inside of the equipment pipeline should be cleaned to prevent debris such as sand and stone welding slag from entering the heat exchanger and causing blockage.
6. When the medium used is not clean and there are large particles or long fibers, the inlet should be equipped with a filter.
7. When the heat exchanger is connected to the pipeline for installation and welding, the welding ground wire should be placed at the welding place. It is strictly forbidden to take the ground wire at a distance, so that the current loop passes through the heat exchanger and causes damage.
5. Preparation before use 1. Before using the equipment, check whether the clamping bolts are loose. According to the instructions, the size should be tight to ensure that all the bolts are uniform.
2. Before use, press the pressure of 1.25 times to carry out the water pressure test, and keep the pressure for 20 minutes without pressure.
3. This equipment can be cleaned with clean tap water for about 20 minutes before use.
4. In the pipeline system, the venting valve should be installed to discharge the air in the equipment to prevent the air from staying in the equipment, reducing the heat transfer effect.
5. The installation of the inlet and outlet of the hot and cold medium shall be connected in strict accordance with the direction specified on the factory nameplate. Otherwise, the device is not able to play well.
6. This equipment is used to loosen each bolt before putting the food and pharmaceutical into production. Clean each plate with a brown brush and assemble it evenly according to the process. 82o-90o hot water is sterilized for 10-20 minutes, and the material pump is started immediately, so that the cooling material can completely discharge the remaining water in the plate until it is completely material.
VI. Operation Procedure 1. When starting the operation, if the pressure of the two media is different, first open the low pressure side valve first, then open the high pressure side valve.
2. When stopping the machine, the high-pressure side fluid should be cut off slowly, and then the low-pressure fluid should be cut off. Please note that this will greatly contribute to the service life of the equipment.
3. The equipment should be operated under the working temperature and pressure range specified by this product. Over-temperature and overpressure may damage the sealing performance and cause leakage. It is forbidden to violently impact when operating.
VII. Cleaning and maintenance of the equipment 1. Generally, the cleaning can be carried out without disintegration. The water is washed in the opposite direction to the flow of the medium, and the impurities can be flushed out, but the pressure should not be higher than the working pressure. It can also be cleaned with a chemical cleaning agent that is non-corrosive to stainless steel. .
2. If it is used for a long time, the plate will have certain sediment scale and affect the heat transfer effect, so it must be washed and removed regularly. When the washing and disassembling, the heat exchanger is disassembled, and the surface of the plate is cleaned with a brown brush, and the chemical cleaning agent can also be washed with a non-corrosive chemical cleaning agent. Be careful not to use a metal brush to avoid damage to the plate to affect the corrosion resistance.
3, disassembly method:
A. Ordinary heat exchanger: loosen the compression bolts, disassemble them in sequence, and use the process bolts in strict accordance with the drawing process sequence (that is, the bolts that are 1.5 times longer than the positioning bolts and the compression bolts, and the lengths are all threaded, The diameter is the same as the positioning bolt and the compression bolt, which is processed by the user. The assembly is compacted, and then the positioning bolt is evenly pressed to not leak, and the pressing size is not less than the size A.
B. Suspended heat exchanger: After loosening the bolt, remove the movable pressing plate to the end of the bracket. Then, each piece is removed and washed separately, and then loaded back as it is until it is not leaked.
4. After the heat exchanger has been used for a certain period of time, if there is loose leakage, the bolt can be evenly pressed to not leak, but if it is pressed to less than the size A or the gasket is aging, the gasket must be replaced.
5, replace the sealing method, pull down the old gasket, soak the remaining glue in the sealing tank with gasoline, clean, dry, then apply a layer of special sealant in the tank and the back of the gasket, the gasket It is embedded in the groove and evenly pressed around it. It can be assembled after 72 hours.
Heat exchanger cleaning and maintenance The heat exchanger has been operated for a long time, and scale and rust problems are inevitable. Corrosion: The heat exchanger is cooled, and the chilled water is highly corrosive without treatment, such as ordinary steel sheets or When the nail is put into the water, rust will appear in a few days, and the longer it is placed, the more serious the rust will be. The inner wall of the equipment often causes the rust to fall off due to corrosion, and even the perforation, the rusted rust will block the coil, and the heat exchange effect is reduced; at the same time, the existence of corrosion greatly shortens the service life of the equipment.
Fouling: The inorganic salts dissolved in water in the pipeline are crystallized, and scale is formed on the wall of the heat exchange surface such as the condenser, resulting in a decrease in heat exchange efficiency, a decrease in the refrigeration effect, and a 30% decrease in severe cases. At the same time, when the hard scale increases, the electricity consumption increases, and when it is severe, it increases by 35%. Biological slime: Due to the formation of dirt by the soil, sediment and humus of water, and the biological slime formed by microorganisms such as bacteria and algae and their secretions, the pipeline is blocked in serious cases; dirt and slime can affect heat. Exchange efficiency, more power consumption, resulting in high-pressure operation, causing overpressure shutdown in severe cases. All of this seriously affects the normal operation of the heat exchanger. Therefore, scale, rust, sludge, bacteria and algae problems in the heat exchanger system will directly lead to weak heat exchange capacity, shortened service life, reduced operational reliability, and increased energy consumption, resulting in increased operating costs. In order to operate the heat exchanger system in the optimized state, it is necessary to carry out special chemical treatment of the cooling water and chilled water system of the heat exchanger: removing scale, rust, slime, sterilization and anti-corrosion treatment, the significance is: Save energy and reduce operating costs. In the heat transfer process of the evaporator and condenser of the heat exchanger, the dirt directly affects the heat transfer efficiency and the normal operation of the equipment. The heat exchanger operation results show that the heat exchanger that has not been cleaned will consume electricity after running for a period of time. Increase the service life by 10-30% and reduce the depreciation of equipment.
Reduce accident downtime and improve cooling performance. The cleaning removes the sludge, making the pipeline smooth and the water quality clear. At the same time, descaling and anti-scaling improve the thermal efficiency of the condenser and the evaporator, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of over-pressure shutdown of high-pressure operation, improving the flow of chilled water, improving the cooling effect, and making the system operate safely and efficiently. Save a lot of maintenance costs for users: untreated heat exchangers, pipeline blockage, scaling, corrosion, overpressure shutdown until accidents occur, such as heat exchangers due to corrosion leakage, solution contamination, you need to replace the copper tube, Replace the solution, repair the mainframe, generally need to repair the cost of 2-5 million. After treatment, it can reduce the maintenance cost, extend the service life of the equipment, and reduce the loss of hundreds of thousands of millions for the owners. In order for the heat exchanger system to operate in an optimized state, special chemical treatments must be performed on the water system of the heat exchanger system: removal of scale, rust, slime, sterilization and corrosion protection:
1. Chemical cleaning and sterilization: adding chemical cleaning agent and bactericide, cleaning and dispersing the floating rust, scale, oil, bacteria and algae in the system to reduce to a clean metal surface;
2, daily maintenance: add corrosion and scale inhibitor, to avoid metal rust, prevent calcium and magnesium ions crystal precipitation.
Second, the structure and shape of the BR series of products, the whole machine is equipped with two types of common structure (not often used for washing and unloading conditions) and hanging structure (removed and washed more frequently).
The common structure consists of main parts such as herringbone corrugated sheets, gaskets, compression plates, upper and lower positioning bolts, and compression bolts.
The hanging structure is composed of herringbone corrugated plates, gaskets, fixed pressing plates, intermediate plates, movable pressing plates, brackets, upper and lower positioning beams, and compression bolts.
Third, the process of the principle of plate heat exchanger due to the special role of the corrugated surface of the plate, so that the flow of fluid along the narrow curved channel, the direction of the speed changes continuously, resulting in fluid flow rate (Rc = 200) It stimulates strong end-action, thus accelerating the destruction of the fluid boundary layer, strengthening the heat transfer process, and effectively improving the heat transfer capacity. The utility model has the advantages of compact structure, low metal consumption, large operation flexibility, small heat loss, convenient installation, inspection and disassembly, strong corrosion resistance and long service life.
The process of the heat exchanger is assembled from a number of plates according to certain processes and technical requirements of the demanding side. During assembly, the A plate and the B plate are alternately arranged, and the four corner holes of the mesh channel are formed between the plates to form a distribution pipe and a confluent pipe, and the sealing gasket seals the cold and heat medium in the heat exchanger, and at the same time reasonably separates the cold and heat medium. Without mixing. The hot and cold fluids flow in the channel, which can flow backwards or downstream, and the hot and cold fluid exchanges heat through the wall during the flow. The flow combination of plate heat exchangers is many, which are realized by different reversing plates and different assembly. The process combination can be divided into single process, multi-process and vapor-liquid exchange process, and mixed process form.
The process combination of the heat exchanger is selected according to the process conditions.
4. Heat exchanger installation 1. There are 4 lifting lugs on the two compression plates of the plate heat exchanger for lifting. The slings shall not be hung on the connecting pipe, positioning beam or plate.
2. There should be about 1 meter of space around the heat exchanger for easy maintenance.
3. The installation of the inlet and outlet of the hot and cold medium shall be connected in strict accordance with the direction specified by the factory nameplate. Otherwise, the performance of the heat exchanger will be affected.
4. When installing the pipeline, the valve, pressure gauge and thermometer should be installed on the pipeline. The flow control valve should be installed at the inlet of the heat exchanger, and the exhaust valve should be installed at the outlet.
5. The inside of the equipment pipeline should be cleaned to prevent debris such as sand and stone welding slag from entering the heat exchanger and causing blockage.
6. When the medium used is not clean and there are large particles or long fibers, the inlet should be equipped with a filter.
7. When the heat exchanger is connected to the pipeline for installation and welding, the welding ground wire should be placed at the welding place. It is strictly forbidden to take the ground wire at a distance, so that the current loop passes through the heat exchanger and causes damage.
5. Preparation before use 1. Before using the equipment, check whether the clamping bolts are loose. According to the instructions, the size should be tight to ensure that all the bolts are uniform.
2. Before use, press the pressure of 1.25 times to carry out the water pressure test, and keep the pressure for 20 minutes without pressure.
3. This equipment can be cleaned with clean tap water for about 20 minutes before use.
4. In the pipeline system, the venting valve should be installed to discharge the air in the equipment to prevent the air from staying in the equipment, reducing the heat transfer effect.
5. The installation of the inlet and outlet of the hot and cold medium shall be connected in strict accordance with the direction specified on the factory nameplate. Otherwise, the device is not able to play well.
6. This equipment is used to loosen each bolt before putting the food and pharmaceutical into production. Clean each plate with a brown brush and assemble it evenly according to the process. 82o-90o hot water is sterilized for 10-20 minutes, and the material pump is started immediately, so that the cooling material can completely discharge the remaining water in the plate until it is completely material.
VI. Operation Procedure 1. When starting the operation, if the pressure of the two media is different, first open the low pressure side valve first, then open the high pressure side valve.
2. When stopping the machine, the high-pressure side fluid should be cut off slowly, and then the low-pressure fluid should be cut off. Please note that this will greatly contribute to the service life of the equipment.
3. The equipment should be operated under the working temperature and pressure range specified by this product. Over-temperature and overpressure may damage the sealing performance and cause leakage. It is forbidden to violently impact when operating.
VII. Cleaning and maintenance of the equipment 1. Generally, the cleaning can be carried out without disintegration. The water is washed in the opposite direction to the flow of the medium, and the impurities can be flushed out, but the pressure should not be higher than the working pressure. It can also be cleaned with a chemical cleaning agent that is non-corrosive to stainless steel. .
2. If it is used for a long time, the plate will have certain sediment scale and affect the heat transfer effect, so it must be washed and removed regularly. When the washing and disassembling, the heat exchanger is disassembled, and the surface of the plate is cleaned with a brown brush, and the chemical cleaning agent can also be washed with a non-corrosive chemical cleaning agent. Be careful not to use a metal brush to avoid damage to the plate to affect the corrosion resistance.
3, disassembly method:
A. Ordinary heat exchanger: loosen the compression bolts, disassemble them in sequence, and use the process bolts in strict accordance with the drawing process sequence (that is, the bolts that are 1.5 times longer than the positioning bolts and the compression bolts, and the lengths are all threaded, The diameter is the same as the positioning bolt and the compression bolt, which is processed by the user. The assembly is compacted, and then the positioning bolt is evenly pressed to not leak, and the pressing size is not less than the size A.
B. Suspended heat exchanger: After loosening the bolt, remove the movable pressing plate to the end of the bracket. Then, each piece is removed and washed separately, and then loaded back as it is until it is not leaked.
4. After the heat exchanger has been used for a certain period of time, if there is loose leakage, the bolt can be evenly pressed to not leak, but if it is pressed to less than the size A or the gasket is aging, the gasket must be replaced.
5, replace the sealing method, pull down the old gasket, soak the remaining glue in the sealing tank with gasoline, clean, dry, then apply a layer of special sealant in the tank and the back of the gasket, the gasket It is embedded in the groove and evenly pressed around it. It can be assembled after 72 hours.
Heat exchanger cleaning and maintenance The heat exchanger has been operated for a long time, and scale and rust problems are inevitable. Corrosion: The heat exchanger is cooled, and the chilled water is highly corrosive without treatment, such as ordinary steel sheets or When the nail is put into the water, rust will appear in a few days, and the longer it is placed, the more serious the rust will be. The inner wall of the equipment often causes the rust to fall off due to corrosion, and even the perforation, the rusted rust will block the coil, and the heat exchange effect is reduced; at the same time, the existence of corrosion greatly shortens the service life of the equipment.
Fouling: The inorganic salts dissolved in water in the pipeline are crystallized, and scale is formed on the wall of the heat exchange surface such as the condenser, resulting in a decrease in heat exchange efficiency, a decrease in the refrigeration effect, and a 30% decrease in severe cases. At the same time, when the hard scale increases, the electricity consumption increases, and when it is severe, it increases by 35%. Biological slime: Due to the formation of dirt by the soil, sediment and humus of water, and the biological slime formed by microorganisms such as bacteria and algae and their secretions, the pipeline is blocked in serious cases; dirt and slime can affect heat. Exchange efficiency, more power consumption, resulting in high-pressure operation, causing overpressure shutdown in severe cases. All of this seriously affects the normal operation of the heat exchanger. Therefore, scale, rust, sludge, bacteria and algae problems in the heat exchanger system will directly lead to weak heat exchange capacity, shortened service life, reduced operational reliability, and increased energy consumption, resulting in increased operating costs. In order to operate the heat exchanger system in the optimized state, it is necessary to carry out special chemical treatment of the cooling water and chilled water system of the heat exchanger: removing scale, rust, slime, sterilization and anti-corrosion treatment, the significance is: Save energy and reduce operating costs. In the heat transfer process of the evaporator and condenser of the heat exchanger, the dirt directly affects the heat transfer efficiency and the normal operation of the equipment. The heat exchanger operation results show that the heat exchanger that has not been cleaned will consume electricity after running for a period of time. Increase the service life by 10-30% and reduce the depreciation of equipment.
Reduce accident downtime and improve cooling performance. The cleaning removes the sludge, making the pipeline smooth and the water quality clear. At the same time, descaling and anti-scaling improve the thermal efficiency of the condenser and the evaporator, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of over-pressure shutdown of high-pressure operation, improving the flow of chilled water, improving the cooling effect, and making the system operate safely and efficiently. Save a lot of maintenance costs for users: untreated heat exchangers, pipeline blockage, scaling, corrosion, overpressure shutdown until accidents occur, such as heat exchangers due to corrosion leakage, solution contamination, you need to replace the copper tube, Replace the solution, repair the mainframe, generally need to repair the cost of 2-5 million. After treatment, it can reduce the maintenance cost, extend the service life of the equipment, and reduce the loss of hundreds of thousands of millions for the owners. In order for the heat exchanger system to operate in an optimized state, special chemical treatments must be performed on the water system of the heat exchanger system: removal of scale, rust, slime, sterilization and corrosion protection:
1. Chemical cleaning and sterilization: adding chemical cleaning agent and bactericide, cleaning and dispersing the floating rust, scale, oil, bacteria and algae in the system to reduce to a clean metal surface;
2, daily maintenance: add corrosion and scale inhibitor, to avoid metal rust, prevent calcium and magnesium ions crystal precipitation.
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