The main causes of seed rot after corn sowing are:

1, sowing too early, too deep. The emergence time is longer. In case of bad weather, such as short-term frost damage or a long period of low temperature, the seed's own immune function is reduced, and the ability to resist the virus is weak. The rot and yellow shoots appear due to virus infection.

2, seed fertilizer isolation is not good. Germination of the seed embryo exposed the radicle, followed by the germ, contact with the fertilizer, destroying the embryonic tissue and causing rot.

3, related to the nature of the plot. Heavily low-lying lands are often lighter, and hilly or sunny slopes are lighter.

4, related to the type of seed coating agent. Improper application of seed coating agents, or excessive coating time can cause this phenomenon.

5, related to moisture, temperature, oxygen. When soil moisture is 70%, seedling emergence and seedling emergence rate are high. When the soil moisture is more than 80%, due to excessive soil moisture and insufficient air, it is easy to rot and affect seedling emergence. Corn seeds usually start to germinate at 12-15°C, but they germinate very slowly, are easily infected by pathogens, and even become seedling-deficient; they germinate more conveniently at 20°C, and germinate fastest at 25-35°C, and exceed 40°C. Not conducive to germination. Oxygen is a necessary condition for seed germination. If the soil is too wet, or sown too deeply, or after sowing, soil compaction, etc., will cause oxygen deficiency, so that the emergence time is prolonged, the consumption of nutrients is increased, the seedlings are thin.

LED Lighting

Everything You Need To Know About LED Lighting


LEDs are a simple invention with huge potential to change the lighting industry for the better. Don`t know much about them? Here are three big things you need to know to get your feet under you:
1.What Does LED Stand For?

2.LED stands for light-emitting diode.


A diode is an electrical device or component with two electrodes (an anode and a cathode) through which electricity flows - characteristically in only one direction (in through the anode and out through the cathode). Diodes are generally made from semi-conductive materials such as silicon or selenium - substances that conduct electricity in some circumstances and not in others (e.g. at certain voltages, current levels, or light intensities).


1.What is LED Lighting?
2.A light-emitting diode is a semiconductor device that emits visible light when an electrical current passes through it. It is essentially the opposite of a photo-voltaic cell (a device that converts visible light into electrical current).
Did You Know? There is a similar device to an LED called an IRED (Infrared Emitting Diode). Instead of visible light, IRED devices emit IR energy when electrical current is run through them.

1.How Do LED Lights Work?

2.It`s really simple actually, and very cheap to produce, which is why there was so much excitement when LED lights were first invented!


The Technical Details: LED lights are composed of two types of semiconducting material (a p-type and an n-type). Both the p-type and n-type materials, also called extringent materials, have been doped (dipped into a substance called a [doping agent") so as to slightly alter their electrical properties from their pure, unaltered, or [intrinsic" form (i-type).
The p-type and n-type materials are created by introducing the original material to atoms of another element. These new atoms replace some of the previously existing atoms and in so doing, alter the physical and chemical structure. The p-type materials are created using elements (such as boron) that have less valence electrons than the intrinsic material (oftentimes silicon). The n-type materials are created using elements (such as phosphorus) that have more valence electrons that the intrinsic material (oftentimes silicon). The net effect is the creation of a p-n junction with interesting and useful properties for electronic applications. What those properties are exactly depends mostly on the external voltage applied to the circuit (if any) and the direction of current (i.e. which side, the p-type or the n-type, is connected to the positive terminal and which is connected to the negative terminal).
Application of the Technical Details to LED Lighting:

When a light-emitting diode (LED) has a voltage source connected with the positive side on the anode and the negative side on the cathode, current will flow (and light will be emitted, a condition known as forward bias). If the positive and negative ends of the voltage source were inversely connected (positive to the cathode and negative to the anode), current would not flow (a condition known as reverse bias). Forward bias allows current to flow through the LED and in so doing, emits light. Reverse bias prevents current from flowing through the LED (at least up until a certain point where it is unable to keep the current at bay - known as the peak inverse voltage - a point that if reached, will irreversibly damage the device).


While all of this might sound incredibly technical, the important takeaway for consumers is that LEDs have changed the lighting landscape for the better, and the practical applications of this technology are almost limitless. To learn about why LEDs might be a good fit for your business.


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