Waxy corn planting technology

Waxy corn is also called waxy corn and sticky corn. Suitable for fresh corn harvested waxy corn kernels, the general sugar content of 7% -9%, dry matter total amount of 33% to 38%, lysine content of 16% -74% higher than normal corn, and therefore more than ordinary Corn contains richer nutrients and better palatability, and its grains are soft and fragrant, with thin skin and no slag. It has many contents and is easy to digest and absorb. As fresh corn, the development prospects are very optimistic. Processing specialty foods will boil corn glutinous grains into porridge, such as pearls, sticky and thick paste, nutrient-rich, with red beans, longan, etc., can be made of pearl porridge, stimulate appetite, easy to digest, regulate people's food structure . Waxy corn can also be processed into powder, which can be used as a staple food to improve the simplification of current master food varieties. Waxy corn is an important raw material for the wine industry. It can be made into a unique high-quality yellow rice wine; it can also process and produce 95%-100% pure natural amylopectin, which is simple and convenient. It can eliminate the separation or denaturalization processing of amylopectin from ordinary corn processing. Amylopectin is widely used in food, textile, papermaking, adhesives, foundry, construction and oil drilling, and pharmaceutical industries. The daily weight gain of the high-quality, high-priced fodder for waxy corn was significantly increased, and the milk production of the waxy corn raising cows was significantly increased. In addition, the stems and leaves of the waxy maize were also good green fodder. The corresponding development of aquaculture in the production of fresh glutinous corn will enable the comprehensive development and utilization of the stems and leaves of glutinous maize. Waxy corn is a new type of corn that has been mutated and then artificially bred from ordinary corn. Its grain endosperm starch is 100% amylopectin, and it is soft and rich after cooking, commonly known as sticky corn. Since the starch in waxy corn kernels is completely composed of amylopectin, and is controlled by fleas, it has special applications in food quality and industrial production.
Cultivation points
1. Segregation There are generally two methods for isolating isolation: one is distance isolation, that is, no other types of corn can be planted within a field within 200 m of the isolation; the other is time difference isolation, which requires a difference of more than 20 days in flowering period to avoid string hybridization. Waxy corn is a single recessive gene mutant of the endosperm traits. Once it receives the pollen of ordinary corn or other corn, it becomes a normal corn and changes its quality.
2. It is suitable for sowing in sunny days for 1 day to promote consistent water absorption and neat germination. When planting seeds with phoxim or 2000-3000 times dimethoate solution, it can control underground pests such as earthworms, earthworms and earthworms. According to the proportion of 1 kg of seeds and 4 water soaked for 1 day (40% of the water absorbed by the corn can germinate), pay attention to often turn the seeds to dry the water until the seeds. If the water is immersed, it is better to soak for half a day. In general, when the local temperature stability is above 10°C, it can be sown, so the waxy corn can be sowed in spring and summer. Due to the need for investment in open spring sowing, there are usually many growers and large areas, which can be listed in July and August. Waxy corn cultivation season is generally not very strict. However, because the seed germination is not tolerant to low temperatures, the earliest sowing date must begin when the temperature stabilizes at 12°C. The minimum sowing date must also ensure that the temperature during the harvesting period is above 18°C. It is best not to postpone late autumn (August 8th), so late sowing. If the cold wave comes early, it will affect the solid grouting and lose the value of goods. Waxy corn growth is particularly sensitive to light and warm weather conditions, and unfavorable climatic conditions will affect the yield. Especially during the flowering period of waxy corn, the temperature of the pollination season exceeds 37°C and the pollen mortality rate is high, and the seed setting rate is reduced. Early or late sowing should be adopted in production so that the pollination season and filling season should be staggered during the high temperature season.
3. Fertilization If the previous crop is a blank field with more weeds, we must first spray glyphosate and then plow. Waxy corn is a kind of crop that needs more fertilizer. Its nutrient absorption in the whole life is mostly nitrogen fertilizer, followed by potassium and phosphorus. Generally, for every 100kg of waxy corn grain produced, about 2.95kg of nitrogen, about 1.09kg of phosphorus, and 2.89kg of potassium need to be absorbed. The production can be used as the basis for the planned production quota and the amount of fertilizer needed, adjusted according to local production conditions, and formulated fertilization plans. Scientific fertilization is an important step in seizing the high yield and quality of waxy corn ear. According to the law of fertilizer requirement of waxy corn and the fertilization of waxy corn, the following principles should be mastered: Basal fertilizer is the mainstay, and top dressing is the supplement; organic fertilizer is the main fertilizer, and chemical fertilizer is the supplement; the base fertilizer is sufficient, and the fertilizer is applied in stages. Fertilization method is the same as normal corn. Shi Miao Fei. At the 2-3 leaf stage, 15 kg of urea and 20 kg of potash fertilizer were applied. After the seedlings were applied at 6-10 cm from the seedlings, the soil was applied after the application. Seedling early to early tuber control, to prevent the formation of young seedlings 4 leaf stage Dingmiao, 5-6 leaf stage water control, fertilizer control, seedlings, 8-9 leaf stage light catch nitrogen fertilizer (mu urea 10-15kg), big horn In the mouth period (10-11 leaf), the attacking panicle fertilizer (40-50kg urea per acre) was re-used to increase the spike rate and grow spikes. When combining fertilizers, watering should be combined. In the seedling stage, tasselling to the filling stage, if it encounters a drought, it must be watered to ensure high yields. Before the sowing and fertilizer application, 1000 kg of stubble per acre and 30--40 kg of compound fertilizer are used as base fertilizers; during the seedling stage, jointing stage, and spike stage, topdressing urea 2--8 fertilization is applied, seedling growth and propagation are added, and fertilization methods are applied. After the light, the main base fertilizer, supplemented by top dressing. There is only one peak for sowing fertilizer in autumn sowing maize. After the festival, it is necessary to reapply the puffer and strengthen the management of the water slurry so as to keep the soil moist. The later fertilization leaves the roots to fight grain and prevent premature aging. For fertilized spring corn, 24 kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 85 kg of phosphate fertilizer, and 61 kg of potassium fertilizer should be applied for every 100 kg of grain produced. Top dressing is divided into section fertilizer and panicle fertilizer. 1. Jointing fertilizer: Every spring corn grows into leaves at 7-8 leaves, and it enters the jointing stage. At this time, the tassel and the ear will also be differentiated. The requirements for nutrients will increase day by day. Therefore, the top-up fertilizer will be applied in time. It is very important to promote the vegetative growth of glutinous maize and establish a high-yield shelf. In general, joint-fertilizer accounts for about 15-20% of the total amount of chemical fertilizer. At this time, about 20kg of ammonium bicarbonate can be applied to mu. 2. Pan-fertilizer: After about 40 days of sowing, the big bell-mouth period of corn is about 5 days when the number of leaves visible at the end of the project is 25 mu of urea and 5 kg of high-concentration compound fertilizer. The application period of panicle fertilizer is generally the most suitable for topdressing when the leaf age is 13 unfolded leaves. The amount of panicle fertilizer accounts for about 35% of the total amount of fertilizer, and it is better to use available nitrogen fertilizer, which can be used in combination with cultivator. Generally apply 15-17kg of urea per acre. The amount of fertilizer and the determination of fertilization method. At the 6-7 leaf stage, fertilize small seedlings with weak seedlings by "opening a small stove," and fertilize with diluted human urea or urea to water or open holes to promote balance.
4. The planting density of reasonably dense planting waxy corn in the field is the same as that of normal corn, and the planting density differs depending on the variety and soil fertility level, and the principle of early maturity, appropriate maturity, late maturity, and sparsely fertile land should be mastered. General density of 667 square meters 3500-3800 strains, fertilizer and water conditions are good up to 4000-4500 strains. Wide and narrow lines can be used to facilitate film coating and harvesting. Over-concentration of planting leads to an increase in the rate of empty rods, a small ear, and lodging, which will reduce economic efficiency. Production should adopt large and small rows of cultivation in order to facilitate ventilation and improve light efficiency. It is generally 70-80cm in large rows, 40cm in small rows, and 25-30cm in spacing. In order to ensure that the seedlings are fully grown, seedlings are strong, and seedlings are evenly distributed, 2-3 seeds per hole must be sown, and only one seed per hole will be sown, which will reduce the production and income. The two strains are good. In general, the suitable density for high yield is 4500-5500 per mu. The early maturing variety is slightly higher and the late maturing variety is slightly lower. The spring sowing of the same variety is slightly higher than that of summer sowing. While grasping the appropriate density, the productive potential should be tapped by improving the uniformity of the group. Due to the different emergence environment and the quality of the seeds of waxy corn, the quality of the seed itself is often poor. This difference will increase with the growth process, and there will be large seedlings, seedlings, spikelets and spikelets, which will not form high light. Effective groups, affecting production. Therefore, efforts should be made to improve the quality of sowing, so that the number of emergence of 2-3 times the number of appropriate spikes; 3-4 leaves according to the seedlings partial application Miao Fei promote balance; 5-6 leaves in addition to weak seedlings, Dingmiao to the appropriate density of the upper limit; At the same time, aiming at the characteristics of the strong tillerability of glutinous corn, we will promptly exercise the right to promote the formation of strong seedlings Seedling to jointing period management fill seedlings. Seedlings emerged 3-5 days after sowing and about 2-3 leaves after 10 days of sowing. They were planted with soil in the field to prepare seedlings at the lack of seedlings. Field management. In case of drought, irrigation can be done with half a ditch to fight drought. Taunting until harvest management attention to drought and drainage after rain.
Compared with ordinary corn, there are more tillers in time to remove waxy corn varieties, and should be removed in time of jointing. Waxy corn will appear branching or tillering phenomenon, in the field management can not stay branching or childbirth, to remove in time. In the production, there will be more than one leaf, one ear, or more than one part of a piece of land with good conditions for water and fertilizer, and it must be removed in time. Only one ear can be grown to prevent spikelets or yield cuts. When the pollination and flowering period of auxiliary pollination is affected by high temperatures, rain, and other unfavorable weather, it is necessary to artificially assist pollination to ensure that it is full and full.
5. Disease and Insect Pest Control Waxy corn is more harmful to corn borer and sticky worm than ordinary corn and should be controlled. Waxy corn pests and diseases have special requirements. The insect pests of waxy corn are mainly the soil pests at the seedling stage and the corn borer at the ear stage. For these situations, the following measures can be taken: When sowing can be used phoxim or 2000-3000 times dimethoate solution seed dressing, control of earthworms, earthworms, earthworms and other underground pests harm. For waxy corn with harvested grains, the control of corn borer can be irrigated during the big bell-mouth period, and the amount of 1 kg of carbofuran granules used per acre is mainly used for disease prevention and control. The prevention and treatment of grass damage is mainly carried out by combining topdressing and cultivating. Autumn sowing of corn, pests and diseases, and aphid, aphids, rust, size patch, foliar fertilizer can be integrated prevention and treatment, each with 20 millilitres of dichlorvos, plus 20 milliliters of triadimefon, plus thiophanate methyl 15 g, add phosphoric acid Dihydrogen potassium 30 grams, fine spray, usually 2 to 3 times. Strengthen management and prevent pests and diseases. Chemical herbicides are sprayed before emergence or after sowing to control field weeds. Before and after the jointing, the soil will be cultivated in a timely manner. The corn will be cultivated into a ridge-like shape to facilitate waterlogging and drainage and enhance plant resistance to lodging. The use of low-toxicity and high-efficiency pesticides such as trichlorfon was used to treat the corn borer. In the middle and later stages of corn, large, small leaf spot, rust, Bordeaux mixture in the early stages of the disease, or 100 kg of water and 50 kilograms of water is sprayed. The water requirement characteristics of Waxy Maize are similar to those of ordinary corn. Attention should be paid to the prevention of seedlings in the seedling stage and the drought prevention in the middle and late stages.
6. Harvesting For the purpose of harvesting mature kernels, the production season is arranged in principle in the same way as normal corn, and has the same requirements as ordinary corn harvesting, ie harvesting when the kernels appear black layer.

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