Squid is an excellent companion to farmed fish cultured in freshwater ponds. In 2004, the county began to carry out demonstrations of the polyculture of catfish, river crabs and grass carp ponds. After two years of tests, good results have been achieved.
I. Pond conditions and escape prevention facilities
1. The condition of the pond pond is 5-10 mu. The silt thickness at the bottom of the pond is more than 10 cm. The dredging should be carried out. 15-20 kg of tea cake per acre or 100-150 kg of quick lime should be used for disinfection and disinfection. After the disinfection in the clear pond, let the sun exposure for several days, turn the sediment and then expose the sun for 10 days, then you can inject new water. Before the water, you must apply the base fertilizer and apply 250-500 kg of manure per acre to the water injection mouth. The plastic net stopped to prevent wild fish from entering the pool. About 500 kilograms of fresh snails were placed on the water surface of the mussels. The crabs were allowed to feed freely, and the appropriate amount of plants such as water peanuts and duckweed were transplanted in the pond, accounting for about 1/3 of the surface of the pond. Each pond is equipped with 1-2 3 kW aerators. Equipped with a 90-watt automatic feeder.
2. Anti-escape facilities As the turtles move quickly and well, high-level fences should be installed at the entrances and exits. They should be installed with polyethylene nets, with a height of 1.6 meters and a mud depth of 0.4 meters. They should be fixed with bamboo rafts to prevent the escape of eels. The crab escape prevention wall is made of plastic film. It is 70 centimeters high on the soil and buried 50 centimeters underground. It is supported and fixed by bamboo rafts, and the corners are rounded to prevent crabs from hitting piles to escape.
Second, seed stocking
The eel fry were derived from the natural seedlings in the coastal area of ​​the county, with a size of 4 cm or more. Since the seedlings during fishing and transportation are easily damaged, the stocking seedlings with robust physique, complete scales, and active and live swimming should be selected for the stocking fry. Carp seedlings should be de-dilution and then enter freshwater ponds in order to increase the survival rate. Before stocking, use 5% salt water to bathe for 8-10 minutes, and rearing 250-300 fishes per acre. According to the seedlings, they are usually stocked from January to April; the standard for crabs is 160-200 pieces/kg, and they are decontaminated with formalin at 25 ml/m3 and then put into ponds, 500 animals per acre; grass carp specifications are 2-3 Tail / kg, put 80 per acre; white pheasant specifications for 10-12 / kg, put 200 per acre: cauliflower specifications for 10-12 / kg, put 50 per acre.
Third, aquaculture management
1. The feed was fed as a grass carp pellet feed, which was changed manually to feed the automatic feeder. Throughout the breeding process, feeding feed adhere to the "three look" and "four set" principles. According to the size of the fish body, the feeding amount can be flexibly controlled in different seasons. Two times a day feeding, 9 to 10 am, 3 to 5 pm, and depending on the weather changes, sunny days, cast more rain, hot and cloudy days and less cast; fish activities more normal vote, when the incidence of less vote. The amount of feeding is 2% to 6% of the weight of the “eating fishâ€; according to how many snails are fed in time, the snails have enough fresh feed.
2. Pond management In order to prevent fish floating heads and avoid flooding, in addition to strictly controlling the amount of feeding, aerators should be opened early in hot summer weather, adhere to two times daily morning and evening patrols, regularly inspect and repair, and reinforce anti-escape facilities. Especially during thunderstorms and typhoon seasons, inspections should be stepped up so that crabs can be found in time. Abnormal fish movements were found. Emergency measures were taken in time to inject fresh water and start aerators.
3. Diseases The common diseases of salmon are parasitosis and watery mildew, but bleeding has recently been discovered. Parasites are mainly ticks and nematodes, which invade the fish body and abdominal cavity and cause death. Sarcoidosis is often caused by fish body bruising. Regularly use bleaching powder, quicklime or fungus elimination, and Baiduke to disinfect the water body once a day, inject new water at an appropriate time, improve the water environment, keep the water fresh, and prevent the occurrence of diseases.
Fourth, benefit analysis
From the old dam port area and the Lixiahe township, the squid polyculture pond mouth test, the survival rate of squid is 90%, the rearing of a year's end weighs 500-750 grams, the yield per acre is more than 160 kilograms, and the market price per kilogram is 12-18. Yuan, the output value of 2000-3000 yuan per acre, after deduction of some: dizzy: the cost of fish pellet feed and seedlings, compared to no more than 1,000 yuan per mu of mixed carp.
Five, summary
1. The squid has a short food chain and mainly feeds on humus, deposited organic debris, epiphytic algae, and small animals. In freshwater ponds, it can fully ingest plankton in water and other aquatic animals, such as grass carp. The pellets improve water quality and play a role as a "scavenger." Due to the improvement of water quality, grass carp and crabs are not susceptible to disease, which reduces the cost of medication and produces aquatic products more in line with the requirements of pollution-free aquatic products.
2. The artificial breeding of carp seedlings after diluting them with freshwater fish ponds and polyculture with freshwater fishes will not affect the aquaculture production of the original fish ponds. It is only necessary to timely place the fry and reinforce the anti-escape facilities.
3. When the annual carp seedling size is small and the annual weight gain is limited, the carp seedlings should be cultivated in a special pond in order to increase the size of the seedlings in the coming year and increase the fish tail weight and yield per mu.
I. Pond conditions and escape prevention facilities
1. The condition of the pond pond is 5-10 mu. The silt thickness at the bottom of the pond is more than 10 cm. The dredging should be carried out. 15-20 kg of tea cake per acre or 100-150 kg of quick lime should be used for disinfection and disinfection. After the disinfection in the clear pond, let the sun exposure for several days, turn the sediment and then expose the sun for 10 days, then you can inject new water. Before the water, you must apply the base fertilizer and apply 250-500 kg of manure per acre to the water injection mouth. The plastic net stopped to prevent wild fish from entering the pool. About 500 kilograms of fresh snails were placed on the water surface of the mussels. The crabs were allowed to feed freely, and the appropriate amount of plants such as water peanuts and duckweed were transplanted in the pond, accounting for about 1/3 of the surface of the pond. Each pond is equipped with 1-2 3 kW aerators. Equipped with a 90-watt automatic feeder.
2. Anti-escape facilities As the turtles move quickly and well, high-level fences should be installed at the entrances and exits. They should be installed with polyethylene nets, with a height of 1.6 meters and a mud depth of 0.4 meters. They should be fixed with bamboo rafts to prevent the escape of eels. The crab escape prevention wall is made of plastic film. It is 70 centimeters high on the soil and buried 50 centimeters underground. It is supported and fixed by bamboo rafts, and the corners are rounded to prevent crabs from hitting piles to escape.
Second, seed stocking
The eel fry were derived from the natural seedlings in the coastal area of ​​the county, with a size of 4 cm or more. Since the seedlings during fishing and transportation are easily damaged, the stocking seedlings with robust physique, complete scales, and active and live swimming should be selected for the stocking fry. Carp seedlings should be de-dilution and then enter freshwater ponds in order to increase the survival rate. Before stocking, use 5% salt water to bathe for 8-10 minutes, and rearing 250-300 fishes per acre. According to the seedlings, they are usually stocked from January to April; the standard for crabs is 160-200 pieces/kg, and they are decontaminated with formalin at 25 ml/m3 and then put into ponds, 500 animals per acre; grass carp specifications are 2-3 Tail / kg, put 80 per acre; white pheasant specifications for 10-12 / kg, put 200 per acre: cauliflower specifications for 10-12 / kg, put 50 per acre.
Third, aquaculture management
1. The feed was fed as a grass carp pellet feed, which was changed manually to feed the automatic feeder. Throughout the breeding process, feeding feed adhere to the "three look" and "four set" principles. According to the size of the fish body, the feeding amount can be flexibly controlled in different seasons. Two times a day feeding, 9 to 10 am, 3 to 5 pm, and depending on the weather changes, sunny days, cast more rain, hot and cloudy days and less cast; fish activities more normal vote, when the incidence of less vote. The amount of feeding is 2% to 6% of the weight of the “eating fishâ€; according to how many snails are fed in time, the snails have enough fresh feed.
2. Pond management In order to prevent fish floating heads and avoid flooding, in addition to strictly controlling the amount of feeding, aerators should be opened early in hot summer weather, adhere to two times daily morning and evening patrols, regularly inspect and repair, and reinforce anti-escape facilities. Especially during thunderstorms and typhoon seasons, inspections should be stepped up so that crabs can be found in time. Abnormal fish movements were found. Emergency measures were taken in time to inject fresh water and start aerators.
3. Diseases The common diseases of salmon are parasitosis and watery mildew, but bleeding has recently been discovered. Parasites are mainly ticks and nematodes, which invade the fish body and abdominal cavity and cause death. Sarcoidosis is often caused by fish body bruising. Regularly use bleaching powder, quicklime or fungus elimination, and Baiduke to disinfect the water body once a day, inject new water at an appropriate time, improve the water environment, keep the water fresh, and prevent the occurrence of diseases.
Fourth, benefit analysis
From the old dam port area and the Lixiahe township, the squid polyculture pond mouth test, the survival rate of squid is 90%, the rearing of a year's end weighs 500-750 grams, the yield per acre is more than 160 kilograms, and the market price per kilogram is 12-18. Yuan, the output value of 2000-3000 yuan per acre, after deduction of some: dizzy: the cost of fish pellet feed and seedlings, compared to no more than 1,000 yuan per mu of mixed carp.
Five, summary
1. The squid has a short food chain and mainly feeds on humus, deposited organic debris, epiphytic algae, and small animals. In freshwater ponds, it can fully ingest plankton in water and other aquatic animals, such as grass carp. The pellets improve water quality and play a role as a "scavenger." Due to the improvement of water quality, grass carp and crabs are not susceptible to disease, which reduces the cost of medication and produces aquatic products more in line with the requirements of pollution-free aquatic products.
2. The artificial breeding of carp seedlings after diluting them with freshwater fish ponds and polyculture with freshwater fishes will not affect the aquaculture production of the original fish ponds. It is only necessary to timely place the fry and reinforce the anti-escape facilities.
3. When the annual carp seedling size is small and the annual weight gain is limited, the carp seedlings should be cultivated in a special pond in order to increase the size of the seedlings in the coming year and increase the fish tail weight and yield per mu.
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