Winter is the coldest season of the year, and the cold weather has brought considerable pressure and difficulties to the use of agricultural machinery. Winter is also a season of high incidence of agricultural accidents. Therefore, operators and drivers must be particularly careful and cautious when using agricultural machinery to avoid agricultural accidents.
1. The diesel oil is divided into five grades of 10, 0, -10, -20, and -35. The number indicates the temperature of the freezing point. For example, the freezing point of 10 is 10°C; the freezing point of the number of -10 is -10°C. When using diesel, the freezing point should be lower than the local minimum temperature of 5 °C. If the local temperature is -5 °C, -10 diesel can be used. In winter, the viscosity of the diesel engine oil is large, and it is difficult to start and lubricate. Therefore, the 11th engine oil used in summer should be changed to the 8th motor oil used in winter. The lubricating oil in the gearbox and rear axle shall be replaced with No. 11 oil using diesel engine oil; the use of gear oil shall be replaced by No. 30 and No. 20.
2, start off before starting to fully warm up the body, first with the water below 90 °C into the water tank, wait a little, and then re-heat the water and then released, after several times, until the release of water reaches 30 °C, then add 90 °C The above water can be started. The first time you can not add boiling water, so as to avoid the body is suddenly exposed to high temperatures and was cracked. At the same time as preheating, the oil in the oil pan released after parking should be warmed with charcoal and diluted before being injected into the oil pan. Shake the crankshaft or dry ring to allow the oil pump to work before starting. If the water is not heated and the water is preheated, starting and then adding water may cause the sudden temperature increase of the piston and the cylinder liner to cause the pull of the cylinder liner, or the cold water may be added to crack the cylinder head. Tractor traction or slope starting may cause the clutch and transmission gear to be damaged by impact. If the oil is not warmed, it will cause poor lubrication and increase wear. At the same time, crankshaft rotation is also difficult and it is not easy to start.
3. After the safety shutdown is started, it should be idling for several minutes. Cover the water tank insulation curtain so that the water temperature is higher than 40°C and the oil pressure is normal before starting. After starting, drive at a low speed to warm up the oil in the transmission and in the rear axle housing before loading.
In the winter, after the road surface is snow, the adhesion of tires deteriorates, and it is easy to skid. The speed of the tires should be appropriately slowed down to avoid sudden braking so as to prevent the vehicle from slipping and tilting. Once a side slip occurs, the steering wheel should be turned at the time of deceleration. The direction of the rear wheel slides and gradually corrects. To climb a slope, use a gear that can be climbed and do not shift gears in the middle to avoid improper operation. Do not pick up the downhill slide, do not brake; the speed should be appropriate, the speed is too slow, may cause the trailer to push the car, causing the side slip rollover.
In the winter season, many agricultural implements in the countryside are idle. For the coming year, it is very important to store and maintain these farm implements.
1, anti-iron parts rust. Most of the agricultural machinery currently in use is made of iron. If it is not well kept, it will easily rust. Once the iron part is rusted and peeled off, it will shorten its service life. Therefore, iron parts should be removed in the winter, cleaned, painted with anti-rust paint, stored in a ventilated, dry warehouse.
2, anti-corrosion wood production. Some agricultural machinery parts are made of wood and are susceptible to mildew. Therefore, it should be washed, dried, and coated with tung oil before storage, and then placed in a ventilated and dry place.
3, anti-aging rubber parts. If the rubber parts of the agricultural implements are damp or stained with oil, they can easily age and crack and shorten their service life. Therefore, the tractor, cultivator, and the V-belt or flat tape on the pump should be removed, hung on the wall or placed in a dry and ventilated place. During parking of the tractor during storage, jacks or bricks shall be used to lift the front and rear axles of the locomotive to lift the tires off the ground and not to bear the load, but to maintain proper air pressure.
4, anti-motor damp. The motor for agricultural machinery is not used for a long time and should be placed in a dry, ventilated, clean warehouse. If the motor is placed together with pesticides and fertilizers, or placed in wet mud or rain-drenched areas, the motor will be exposed to moisture, internal insulation performance will be reduced, and short circuits, grounding, leakage, and even burn-out coils will be easily caused. .
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