Black heart disease in Yali pears is a physiological disorder that occurs during the storage of this fruit variety. It typically develops after the pears are stored at 0°C for 30 to 50 days. Initially, brown spots appear around the core of the fruit and gradually spread toward the center. In severe cases, the pulp becomes discolored with undefined browning, and the flavor deteriorates significantly, greatly affecting both the shelf life and quality of Yali pears.
The main causes of black heart disease include:
1. **Low pre-storage temperatures**: Storing pears at temperatures between 0°C and 5°C can cause chilling injury, leading to browning inside the fruit.
2. **Improper storage conditions**: If pears are kept in unsuitable environments for too long, they may begin to age early in storage. High storage temperatures or low humidity can lead to excessive water loss, causing black heart disease later on.
3. **Excessive nitrogen fertilizer use**: Overuse of nitrogen before harvest, combined with a lack of calcium and phosphate fertilizers, can result in calcium deficiency-related black heart disease.
4. **High carbon dioxide levels**: If the concentration of carbon dioxide exceeds 2% during storage, it can also trigger black heart disease.
To manage and prevent black heart disease, several control methods can be applied:
1. **Fertilizer management**: Reduce nitrogen fertilizer application in the late growth stage and increase calcium and phosphate fertilizers. During the growing season, you can spray the fruit with a 500-fold dilution of calcium ammonium solution every other week, or apply 0.2% to 0.3% calcium nitrate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution 3 to 4 times.
2. **Calcium treatment**: Soak the harvested fruit in a 2% to 4% calcium chloride solution for 5 minutes to help reduce the occurrence of black heart disease.
3. **Proper storage techniques**: Store the fruit as soon as possible after harvest to reduce respiration and slow down aging. Use gradual cooling to avoid chilling injury. First, pre-cool the fruit at 7°C to 10°C for 7 to 10 days, then gradually lower the temperature by 1°C every three days until reaching 0°C after 20 to 30 days. Ensure good ventilation in the storage area to keep carbon dioxide levels below 1%.
By implementing these strategies, growers and storage facilities can effectively reduce the risk of black heart disease and maintain the quality of Yali pears during long-term storage.
1. If it is to be fixed outdoors with convenient wiring, it is better to install wired cameras;
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The disadvantage is that the installation is complex and requires wiring. It can only be accessed through a computer. The scope of use is limited and it is not suitable for home use.
2. Wireless camera
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The disadvantage is that it will be interfered by the signal, which may affect the definition and transmission speed of the picture.
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matters needing attention
The configuration of the solar power supply system requires the customer to provide the total power consumption of each load equipment,
It is necessary to know the local lighting conditions and the duration of continuous operation of the equipment
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Wired cameras and wireless cameras have their own advantages and disadvantages, mainly depending on the purpose for which you install the camera.1. If it is to be fixed outdoors with convenient wiring, it is better to install wired cameras;
2. If you are at home or need to change the monitoring location at any time, 4G wireless monitoring will be more convenient;
3. With the development of solar monitoring technology, outdoor installation of solar monitoring will be better.
Advantages and disadvantages of wired cameras and wireless cameras
1. Wired camera
The advantages are that the technology is mature, the industrial Network Camera technology is directly transplanted, the signal interference is not feared, and it is stable and reliable;
The disadvantage is that the installation is complex and requires wiring. It can only be accessed through a computer. The scope of use is limited and it is not suitable for home use.
2. Wireless camera
The advantages are that there is no need for wiring, the installation and increase of cameras are relatively convenient, and the cost of Internet access is low;
The disadvantage is that it will be interfered by the signal, which may affect the definition and transmission speed of the picture.
Extended data
Now the technology of solar energy monitoring is mature, and solar energy can be used to solve the problem of power supply. Outdoor monitoring can also choose more advanced solar energy monitoring. Remote monitoring without power and network is no longer an imagination.
1. Simple installation: install by yourself without inviting construction personnel;
2. Adjustable angle: 360 degree rotation, no dead angle monitoring;
3. No electricity connection: solar power generation and built-in lithium battery power supply;
4. No wiring: no wall chiseling or decoration damage.
matters needing attention
The configuration of the solar power supply system requires the customer to provide the total power consumption of each load equipment,
It is necessary to know the local lighting conditions and the duration of continuous operation of the equipment
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