Chrysanthemum three diseases namely rust, gray mold, black spot disease, three diseases often occur mixed, affecting flowering and reducing ornamental value. According to our research in recent years, we now talk about the three diseases of the hair and prevention and treatment.
1, rust
Rust mainly harms the leaves and stems of chrysanthemums, with leaf victims as the most important. At the beginning of the disease, light yellow dots were produced on the leaves, and then turned brown and slightly raised. This was the uredia spores of the bacteria. After ripening, they broke yellow-brown powder, ie, summer spores. Late onset, mainly on the leaves, and sometimes also on the petiole and leaf stems, grow dark brown or black oval-shaped swollen spots, which is the winter bun heap of bacteria. Severe disease often causes the whole plant leaves to die. Poor cultivation and management, poor ventilation and light transmission, poor drainage in low-lying areas, lack of fertilizer or nitrogen in soil, and high air humidity all contribute to the occurrence of chrysanthemum rust.
Control methods:
1 Strengthen the tube: If the soil is high in humidity and the ground water level is high, pay attention to draining water, and the pot should pay attention to clearing drainage holes or holes to prevent irrigation. Based on the reasonable combination of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be appropriately added to improve the disease resistance of chrysanthemum.
2 control the spread of diseases, once the diseased leaves and diseased branches are found, they must be cut off in time, and concentrated or buried fertilizers can eliminate pathogens on them.
3 chemical control: after onset can be sprayed 65% 500 times on behalf of Sen Zinc, or the stone sulfur contract Baume 0.3-0.5 degrees. Perennial disease, can be sprayed in the early spring before the Bomer 4 ~ 5 degrees of lime sulfur, adhere to a few years to control rust.
2, gray mold
Gray mold mainly harms the leaves, stems and flowers of chrysanthemums. When the leaves were damaged, the surface of the leaves showed a brown rim-like wrinkle on the edges of the leaves. The petiole and pedicel were first softened, and then the skin rotted. When flowers are damaged, they affect seed maturity. High temperature and rain, over-application of nitrogen fertilizers, too dense planting, and heavy soil texture are all beneficial to the occurrence of severe ash disease.
Control methods:
1 Planting soil: The pathogen mainly lives in the soil in winter. Therefore, regardless of whether it is a garden plant or a pot plant, the soil is required to be a disease-free new soil.
2 The diseased leaves and diseased plants should be promptly removed, burned or buried deeply to prevent the spread of disease.
3 Freshly planted chrysanthemum can be dip 10-15 minutes with 65% 300-time solution of zymogen zinc before colonization.
4 pay attention to pui pipe, pay attention to improving the ventilation and light conditions, not partial nitrogen fertilizer, pay attention to open the ditch during the rainy season, prevent irrigation on the soil. In the early stage of the disease, it can be sprayed with Baume sulfur agent with 0.3-0.5 degree of Baume, or with zeocin, carbendazim and other fungicides.
3, black spot
Black spot disease mainly damages the leaves of chrysanthemum. Black spots appear on the initial leaves and gradually enlarge. The edges are dark brown and the center is grayish black. When the disease is heavy, several lesions are connected together, causing the whole leaf charred black to fall off. Rain often occurs more often.
Control methods:
1Drain and drain in time during the rainy season to reduce soil moisture.
2 timely pruning, destroyed the old part of the lower part of the plant, in order to improve ventilation and light conditions, reduce the humidity between the strains.
3 The sporadic diseased leaves should be immediately removed, and Bomi 0.3-0.5 degrees lime sulfur should be sprayed thoroughly.
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