The selection of improved varieties is the basis for the high yield and quality of wheat. There are still more than two months from the autumn crops, and many farmers have begun to plant them. Due to the current wide variety of wheat seeds and the unrealistic propaganda of some distributors, it is easy to mislead farmers to buy seeds. How to buy a good kind of it? I summed up over many years of experience that the selection of wheat varieties should master the following "means":
Find out the fertility characteristics and suitable planting scope of the variety. Each wheat seed is selected based on the inheritance of the original parent under certain natural conditions and cultivation conditions, so it has a certain adaptability and a specific suitable range of cultivation. Therefore, each breed has certain limitations. When the environmental conditions fully meet and meet the needs of the species' natural conditions and physiological and genetic characteristics, the excellent characteristics and potential for yield increase can be fully realized. Therefore, before purchasing wheat seeds, it is necessary to first clarify the type of the local natural ecology, and whether the soil, soil fertility, cropping system, yield level, and pests and diseases are in line with the requirements of the varieties purchased.
According to the local climate conditions, select good varieties. Wheat varieties are winter, semi-winter, weak winter, and spring, so choose according to the local temperature conditions. If winter wheat varieties of the northern long-day sunshine are introduced to the south, they cannot pass the low-temperature vernalization stage without heading and fruiting; similarly, the southern winter wheat varieties are mostly weak winter, and the vernalization period is very short. After introduction into the north, Before wintering, jointing and booting were frozen to death. When you purchase a plant, you must understand the characteristics of the variety in detail in order to be able to use it according to local conditions.
According to the conditions of the site selection. For lands with good water and fertilizer conditions, high-yield and high-quality varieties with fertilizer-resistant water, lodging resistance and potential for yield increase, such as Jimai No. 20 and Yannong No. 24, should be selected; land with general water and fertilizer conditions should be selected for strong adaptability and high yield performance. The medium product species, such as Linmai No.4 and Wenmai No.6, etc.; dry lands with thick soil layers and high fertility, should be selected for drought resistance and fertilizer resistance, such as Yannong No.21 and Rotary No.6; In the dry and thin land, it is necessary to use high-yield varieties that are tolerant to drought and drought, such as Shanyoumai No. 2 and Qingmai No. 6; Saline-alkali soils can be selected from anti-saline alkali-resistant strains 961 and Xiaojing 81. Wheat and cotton double-cropping sets require wheat varieties to have the characteristics of late seeding and early maturing, so as to help shorten the symbiotic period of cotton and wheat. At the same time, wheat plants need to be short and compact, their plant type is compact, and they have the advantage of strong sidewalks. Energy, improve photosynthetic efficiency, optional Jining No. 16, No. 26, etc. The above varieties are mainly suitable for planting in Huanghuai winter wheat area.
Follow the principle of "everything after trials and demonstrations" to replace good breeds. In terms of production, it is necessary to constantly change new varieties according to changes in production conditions and increase in production. At the same time, we must also avoid unwittingly experimenting, blindly introducing large-scale new varieties of major products, and frequently changing good varieties in order to avoid unnecessary losses in production. While planting landowners to push for better seeds, it is necessary to introduce new varieties of test and demonstration, and to compare them with the local main cultivars. After 2-3 years of experimentation and demonstration, it is determined that when the yield is significantly higher than that of the control cultivars, it will be planted in large areas.
From the "certificate" complete formal business unit purchase. In recent years, during the sowing season, some people used the name of “sending science and technology and sending good crops to the countryside†to sell some inferior seeds and uncertified varieties to farmers, and incidents of being cheated occurred frequently. Therefore, peasant friends must not be able to save time and money and create hidden problems for production. When purchasing seeds, you need to ask for invoices and seed labels, leave a small amount of seeds for sample before sowing, and keep them in a safe place. If there are any quality problems, the vouchers will be paid to the original purchase unit.
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