Sepia esculenta has high food value, delicious taste, rich nutrition and short growing period. It is a potentially valuable protein resource in marine and aquaculture species. In recent years, we have conducted a preliminary exploration of the artificial breeding techniques of the cuttlefish and summarized some technical problems that should be noted in the nursery. The following are discussed.
1. Choose the natural spawning ground and put it into the oocyte at an appropriate time. Adult calamari usually lives in the sea from 2 to 5 nautical miles, with a water depth of 40 to 100 m. The bottom is shells, gravel, coral reefs, and there are algae clumps of sea. Rishan Bay, Rizhao, Shandong Province is the largest habitat and spawning ground of the Golden Squid. The cuttlefish adult can reach 1～1.5kg as the pro-squid thief. The spawning period is from March to May. Each adult's egg-laying amount is about 1000-1500, and the spawning time is usually from midday to dusk. Egg beds are usually selected on coral reefs or branches to form strings or piles. After spawning, they leave the spawning bed and return to the spawning bed to spawn. They spawn several times in a row. The maximum daily egg lay is 150 grains. In order to obtain the squid fertilized eggs, this test will transport the designed and manufactured egg harvester to the spawning field and evenly sink to the bottom of the sea in the middle of March when the squid fertilizes eggs. It is connected and fixed by cables and the sea surface is marked. Oviducts were meshed with 3cm mesh polyethylene nets on three fixed bamboo rod holders, leaving only a tapered mouth on the outside of the fishing net as a pro-squid channel. The interior of the net hangs a bunch of seaweed sticks as an ophthalmoscope.
2, timely harvest. Disinfection and egg-washing are generally conducted until the middle of May. Egg harvesters are collected one by one and washed clean. The whole or only the nets and branches are removed and transported to the nursery. When loading the car, the bottom is covered with wet seaweed, and then the ovipositor is placed flat to avoid mutual friction damage. The top is covered with wet sacks or quilts to prevent direct sunlight. After being shipped back, immediately put it in a cultivation pond and wash eggs for 30 minutes with streptomycin or potassium permanganate solution. Then remove the nets and straws and put them in the fresh seawater cultivation pond. Pull the rope, immersed in water, the bottom is about 20cm from the bottom of the pool. At this time, the egg collection, egg transport, egg washing and other work is over. Enter the incubation phase.
3. Strengthen water quality management. Ensure that water quality meets the requirements. In the fertilized egg breeding process, the amount of water in the early stage can be changed once a day. However, you must remove the contaminants at the end of the day and remove the decayed branches and nets at any time. The water temperature should be kept as close as possible to the water temperature of the egg retrieval area in the natural sea area (18°C to 19°C). As the natural temperature rises, the water temperature can also rise slowly. However, the speed of recovery should not be too fast. In general, the water temperature within 2 days should not rise above 1°C. If the recovery rate is too fast, it can be adjusted and controlled by underground seawater. When the water temperature rises to 23°C, constant temperature cultivation will be implemented. Generally fertilized eggs are incubated for 10 to 20 days, and small squids can be hatched one after another. After the hatchlings are hatched, they can be collected and concentrated in the cages. At the same time, the water exchange volume should be increased. Normally, the water changes 2 or 3 times a day, and it is better to use regular water. But be careful: Be careful when collecting small squids and changing water. Avoid small squid ink jets and damage.
4, voted open bait. Ensure that the nutritional supply of small squid fertilized eggs hatching process, should be taken to prevent direct sunlight, light intensity control in 500 ~ 1000lx is appropriate. The small squid started to feed a small amount after 1 to 2 days after hatching. At this time, the best open bait is artificial hatched Artemia. Artificial hatching Artemia can be carried out in stages, with the development of small squid gradually increase the amount of feed and Artemia specifications. After hatching for 10 days, shading measures were gradually removed, and the bait could be changed to artificially cultivated larval shrimp or planktonic copepods in natural seawater. Unconditional natural saltworms can also be fed from the salt field brine pool, and a 60-80 mesh small net cage is placed in the corner of the cultivation pond to keep Artemia larvae fresh. It also meets the requirements for convenient feeding. Generally small squid is intensively cultivated from 30 to 45 days, and it can be put into the cultivation pool for cultivation.
5, timely adjustment and control of salinity. To ensure the normal growth and development of cuttlefish, sepia is a narrow-salt aquatic animal, its ability to resist low salinity is weak, and its safe salinity limit is 30‰. However, after domestication, it can be reduced to about 28 ,. If it is less than 28 出现, there will be obvious discomfort. Therefore, it is difficult to control the water salinity of the pool during the cultivation and breeding process. Especially when the flood season comes, it is more difficult to control and regulate salinity. At this time, effective measures should be taken to control it. First, based on weather forecasts, the reservoir should be filled with enough water in advance to make good water reserves and reduce the amount of water exchange. Second, water exchange should be stopped temporarily without water storage conditions. It is possible to avoid the low salt period. Third, if the flood season is long and there is no water storage condition, a small amount of water can be changed as appropriate, and the new water should be placed in another pool before the water change, and the method of splashing coarse salt will be adopted. It is adjusted to the same salinity as in the nursery and aquaculture ponds before it is exchanged for water.
1. Choose the natural spawning ground and put it into the oocyte at an appropriate time. Adult calamari usually lives in the sea from 2 to 5 nautical miles, with a water depth of 40 to 100 m. The bottom is shells, gravel, coral reefs, and there are algae clumps of sea. Rishan Bay, Rizhao, Shandong Province is the largest habitat and spawning ground of the Golden Squid. The cuttlefish adult can reach 1～1.5kg as the pro-squid thief. The spawning period is from March to May. Each adult's egg-laying amount is about 1000-1500, and the spawning time is usually from midday to dusk. Egg beds are usually selected on coral reefs or branches to form strings or piles. After spawning, they leave the spawning bed and return to the spawning bed to spawn. They spawn several times in a row. The maximum daily egg lay is 150 grains. In order to obtain the squid fertilized eggs, this test will transport the designed and manufactured egg harvester to the spawning field and evenly sink to the bottom of the sea in the middle of March when the squid fertilizes eggs. It is connected and fixed by cables and the sea surface is marked. Oviducts were meshed with 3cm mesh polyethylene nets on three fixed bamboo rod holders, leaving only a tapered mouth on the outside of the fishing net as a pro-squid channel. The interior of the net hangs a bunch of seaweed sticks as an ophthalmoscope.
2, timely harvest. Disinfection and egg-washing are generally conducted until the middle of May. Egg harvesters are collected one by one and washed clean. The whole or only the nets and branches are removed and transported to the nursery. When loading the car, the bottom is covered with wet seaweed, and then the ovipositor is placed flat to avoid mutual friction damage. The top is covered with wet sacks or quilts to prevent direct sunlight. After being shipped back, immediately put it in a cultivation pond and wash eggs for 30 minutes with streptomycin or potassium permanganate solution. Then remove the nets and straws and put them in the fresh seawater cultivation pond. Pull the rope, immersed in water, the bottom is about 20cm from the bottom of the pool. At this time, the egg collection, egg transport, egg washing and other work is over. Enter the incubation phase.
3. Strengthen water quality management. Ensure that water quality meets the requirements. In the fertilized egg breeding process, the amount of water in the early stage can be changed once a day. However, you must remove the contaminants at the end of the day and remove the decayed branches and nets at any time. The water temperature should be kept as close as possible to the water temperature of the egg retrieval area in the natural sea area (18°C to 19°C). As the natural temperature rises, the water temperature can also rise slowly. However, the speed of recovery should not be too fast. In general, the water temperature within 2 days should not rise above 1°C. If the recovery rate is too fast, it can be adjusted and controlled by underground seawater. When the water temperature rises to 23°C, constant temperature cultivation will be implemented. Generally fertilized eggs are incubated for 10 to 20 days, and small squids can be hatched one after another. After the hatchlings are hatched, they can be collected and concentrated in the cages. At the same time, the water exchange volume should be increased. Normally, the water changes 2 or 3 times a day, and it is better to use regular water. But be careful: Be careful when collecting small squids and changing water. Avoid small squid ink jets and damage.
4, voted open bait. Ensure that the nutritional supply of small squid fertilized eggs hatching process, should be taken to prevent direct sunlight, light intensity control in 500 ~ 1000lx is appropriate. The small squid started to feed a small amount after 1 to 2 days after hatching. At this time, the best open bait is artificial hatched Artemia. Artificial hatching Artemia can be carried out in stages, with the development of small squid gradually increase the amount of feed and Artemia specifications. After hatching for 10 days, shading measures were gradually removed, and the bait could be changed to artificially cultivated larval shrimp or planktonic copepods in natural seawater. Unconditional natural saltworms can also be fed from the salt field brine pool, and a 60-80 mesh small net cage is placed in the corner of the cultivation pond to keep Artemia larvae fresh. It also meets the requirements for convenient feeding. Generally small squid is intensively cultivated from 30 to 45 days, and it can be put into the cultivation pool for cultivation.
5, timely adjustment and control of salinity. To ensure the normal growth and development of cuttlefish, sepia is a narrow-salt aquatic animal, its ability to resist low salinity is weak, and its safe salinity limit is 30‰. However, after domestication, it can be reduced to about 28 ,. If it is less than 28 出现, there will be obvious discomfort. Therefore, it is difficult to control the water salinity of the pool during the cultivation and breeding process. Especially when the flood season comes, it is more difficult to control and regulate salinity. At this time, effective measures should be taken to control it. First, based on weather forecasts, the reservoir should be filled with enough water in advance to make good water reserves and reduce the amount of water exchange. Second, water exchange should be stopped temporarily without water storage conditions. It is possible to avoid the low salt period. Third, if the flood season is long and there is no water storage condition, a small amount of water can be changed as appropriate, and the new water should be placed in another pool before the water change, and the method of splashing coarse salt will be adopted. It is adjusted to the same salinity as in the nursery and aquaculture ponds before it is exchanged for water.
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