Loach in the fish taxonomy of the order of the larvae, suborders, carp, loach genus. There are more than a dozen types of loach in the world. Normally, it is mainly true loach.
Loach is a kind of omnivorous small freshwater fish that is commonly distributed in rivers, ditches, paddy fields, ponds, lakes, and reservoirs, etc., except for the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It is one of the main freshwater economic fishes. However, due to over-fishing and deterioration of habitats, muddy resources have been destroyed and natural production has been greatly reduced. In order to increase the effective supply, it is particularly important to develop large-scale, muddy farming. Now we will introduce a simple introduction to the artificial breeding and large-scale breeding of loach.
First, artificial breeding of loach
1. Intimate choice and discrimination
The pro-growths used for artificial reproduction are generally not easy to store in long-term. It is advisable to collect the natural loach in the vicinity of the spawning period for artificial propagation after intensive cultivation. When collecting, you must choose 2 years of age or more. Body shape, strong physique, more mucus, health and injury-free mature mud. Females require a body length of 18 cm and a body weight of 30 g or more. The abdomen expands softly and elastically. Males require a body length of 12 cm and a weight of 15 g or more. Male and female were identified as: Mature females were significantly larger than males, with short pectoral fins and obtuse ends. They were fan-shaped, with prominent abdomen. The body was cylindrical and genital valgus was red. The male skeleton is small in size, with long and narrow pectoral fins. The tip is pointed and upturned. The base of the second fin has a thin slice of bone. There are stars on the fin.
2. Artificial oxytocin
(1) Commonly used appliances
Pre-natal must be prepared for common equipment. There are 2 types of utensils with a diameter of 6cm for the study of the pituitary gland and the testis, a number of medical syringes with a capacity of 1 to 2ml, and a number of 4th injection needles for the pro-injection of oxytocin; dissection scissors and knives. Each of the two scorpions. For the removal of the testis; several towels, several hard feathers on the wings of the poultry, one 1000 ml bottle, two 20 or 50 ml straws, and several basins or buckets for pro-spawning, Several white enamel bowls.
(2) Production
Muddy artificial production time is later than natural reproduction, requiring that the water temperature stabilizes to above 20°C. Typical oxytocin drugs are: hCG, pituitary, and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogues (lrh-a) in doses of 300-400 IU for each female, or 1 for carp pituitary Or lrh-a5-10ug, and the dose of male hormones is halved. Injection site is generally used for back muscle injection, body cavity injection can also be used, female lice injection dose of 0.2ml, male lice 0.1ml, injection depth o. 2cm. The injection time is based on muddy culminating in reaching early estrus in the early morning of the next day. After the injection of the intimacy into 2mx1mxo. In a cage of 5m (length x width x height), 50 cages were placed in each cage, and the proportion of males to females was 1:1.2 to 1.5. At the same time, several fish nests were placed in cages.
(3) Artificial insemination
At the time of proximity effect. If you find that male and female prostitutes are chasing gradually, there are males and females who will squint their bodies and females will have shortness of breath. This indicates that the estrus has reached its climax. At this time, there is a golden egg flowing out of the female's abdomen. Perform artificial insemination. Artificial insemination should be performed indoors. One person wraps the mature female with a towel, exposes the belly, and gently squeezes the abdomen, squeezes the mature egg into a dry white enamel plate; another person pours the prepared semen on the egg; the third person uses the lighter hand Shake the porcelain plate and gently stir it with feathers for a few seconds. Add a small amount of water to enhance sperm motility. Improve fertility rate. The insemination egg is then rinsed several times and incubated in an incubation tank.
(4) Incubation Management
The fertilized eggs that are relatively concentrated at the same time should be placed in the incubation tank. The incubation water should be fresh, rich in oxygen, no pollution, dissolved oxygen should be 6-7mg/1, ph value should be between 7-8, and 2-3 eggs should be laid every 1ml of water. The water flow in the hatching tank should be controlled so that the fertilized egg can be flushed into the surface of the water. When it approaches the water surface, it gradually spreads to the surrounding area and gradually sinks. The suitable water temperature for hatching is 20-28°C, the optimum water temperature is 25°C, and the water temperature can be hatched by about 30-35h at 24-25°C. After hatching, the fry should continue to raise water in the original tank and hold it until the yolk sac of most larvae disappears. Then, the cooked yolk should be fed into the tank, with an egg yolk of 200,000 tails. After two to three days of feeding, the next tank can be transferred to seedlings for cultivation.
Second, pond large-scale farming
The so-called "scale farming" refers to the production of a loach high-yield aquaculture with 100 mu or even hundreds of mu of mu in the same location. It requires an average yield of 500kg or more, combined with seedling cultivation, commercial production, feed supply, and merchandise sales. Provide the market with ample quantities of commodity loach.
1. Site selection
The selection of loach farm sites should be as far as possible: the water sources should be sufficient and reliable; the water quality should be fresh and pollution-free; the water supply and drainage should be convenient and self-irrigation; the soil should be made of neutral or slightly acidic clay soil; the sunlight should be sufficient; and the traffic should be convenient; Power is guaranteed.
2. The construction of Chengchi Pond
The area of ​​the pond is 1oo-300m2. When the Dianchi pond is built, considering the muddy and unique mud performance and escape ability, the pool must be 40cm above the water surface. The best choice of material is cement board, brick or hard plastic. Plate, or compacted with triaxial soil. Screens can also be used to cover the surrounding areas of the pond. The screens are buried in hard soil and rise above the water surface by 15-20 cm. Pool depth requires 80-100cm. The bottom layer should have 20-30cm of mud, and the depth of water should be kept within 30-50cm. The water inlet is 20cm above the water surface. The drain outlet is located at the level of the normal level of the pond. The bottom of the drain is set at the bottom of the bottom of the fish at the bottom of the pool. The inlet and outlet openings are wrapped with dense mesh to prevent muddy run. Fish slip (set mud pit): In order to facilitate fishing, the fish is set in the pool connected with the drainage bottom, its area is about 5% of the pool bottom, deeper than the pool bottom 30-35cm. The fish is surrounded by wooden boards or made of concrete or brick.
3. Pre-stocking preparation and stocking
Ten days before stocking, clean the pond, plug the loopholes, clear the drains, and dig the bottom of the pond. Lime clear pond again. When the depth of the pool is 10cm, 1kg of lime is applied per 10m 2 , and the whole pool is splashed immediately after the calcine is converted into pulp. After 3 days of clear pond, apply base fertilizer with 30cm of water. The amount of basal fertilizer: 3 kg of chicken manure applied per 10 m2; if applied to manure, swine manure, cow dung, 5 kg per 10 m2; if applying chemical fertilizer, 7 g of nitrogen fertilizer per cubic meter of water, phosphate fertilizer 1 Grams. It is used to breed plankton, so that the natural feed can be eaten after the species is bred. Before the stocking, 8x10 (negative 6th power) or 10x10 (negative power 6th) bleaching solution can be used to disinfect fish species. When the water temperature is 10-15°C, the immersion time is 20-30 minutes.
After the toxicity of the drug to be disinfected disappears, put 3 to 4 cm of 50 to 60 tails per square meter, and the water source condition and technical strength can be appropriately increased. In the muddy pond, it is appropriate to breed the pelagic fishes, such as grasses, oysters, oysters, and other summer fish species, and it is not appropriate to match tilapia, clams, and squid species.
4. Feeding management
(1). Fertilizer
Loach is an omnivorous fish, like eating organic debris and plankton, benthic animals. Therefore, fertilizing measures should be adopted to cultivate natural food during the breeding stage. In addition to Shiji Fei, it is also necessary to top-dress fertilizer in time according to the water color. Topdressing commonly used manure, such as pig manure, cow dung, chicken manure, human feces, can also be applied calcium phosphate, urea, ammonium bicarbonate and other fertilizers, depending on the amount of fertilizer, depending on the color, usually 30-50% of base fertilizer. The pool water transparency is controlled at 15-20cm, and the water color is yellow-green.
(2). Feeding
Mud feeds widely. When breeding, in addition to fertilizing and cultivating water quality, compound feed should also be fed. The muddy appetite is related to the water temperature. When the water temperature is below 20°C, the main food intake is plant-based food, accounting for about 60-70%; when the water temperature is 21-23°C, the animal and vegetable diets each account for 50%; when the water temperature exceeds 24°C, the plant-based diet should be Reduced to 30-40%. The animal feeds for loach feeding include: fishmeal, animal viscera, earthworms, small miscellaneous fish, blood meal, etc.; plant foods include: soybean meal, vegetable meal, secondary meal, wheat bran, and cereals. Artificial compound feeds are generally fed once a day in the afternoon and in the afternoon, and the daily feeding amount is 4-10% of the loach body weight. Feeding should be based on water quality, weather, and food intake. When the water temperature is above 15°C, the loach appetite gradually increases, and the appetite at 25-27°C is particularly exuberant. When the temperature exceeds 30°C or lower than 12°C, less food or even feeding should be stopped. Bait to do: timing, fixed-point, qualitative, quantitative.
5. Daily management
The daily management work is mainly to adjust the water quality and keep the pond water quality “fat, live, and coolâ€. The water color is preferably yellow-green, changing water once or twice a week; sticking to the pond three times a day; paying attention to changes in water color and muddy activities of the pool water; regularly feeding fish disease prevention drugs; cleaning the feed table and regularly disinfecting it; Treatment is timely when disease occurs; inflow and outfalls, and Tanggu must be regularly inspected and leaks must be repaired in a timely manner; in the event of abrupt changes in the climate, such as: hot weather, low air pressure, thunderstorms, or rainy days, observe whether Chengdu-Chongqing is Floating head. If the floating head is serious, it is necessary to flush new water c in time to make a daily work record.
Third, common disease prevention
1. Aquatic mildew
Caused by water fungi, Pythium and other fungal infections. Most of the disease was caused by carcass injury. The mold spores propagated in the wound and invaded the body tissues. The morbidity site of the disease was white or gray cotton floc. Control methods: Immerse in 1x10 (negative 6th power) malachite green solution for 15-30 minutes; or use 4x10 (negative 4th power) solution of baking soda and salt to form a mixture, then Quanchiposa.
2. Red fin disease
Caused by Brevibacterium infection. Diseased fins, abdomen, skin and anus around congestion, ulceration, caudal fins, pectoral fins white rot. Control method: use 1x10 (negative 6th power) bleaching agent Quanchiposa; or 0.5x10 (negative 6th power) concentration to kill heytary Quanchiposa; or use 10x10 (negative 6th power) concentration of tetracycline solution Dip for 12 hours.
3. Print disease
Caused by Aeromonas hydrophila parasitism. The lesions are swollen and red, oval and round. The affected area was mainly on both sides of the caudal peduncle and it seemed to be stamped. Control methods: Use 0.5x10 (negative 6th power) concentration to kill Hein Quanchiposa for therapeutic purposes.
4. parasitic disease
It is mainly caused by parasites such as trichomonads, tongue beetles and third-generation insects. The sick body is thin, often floating on the surface of the water. Or on the surface of the water, increased body surface mucus. Control methods: use o. 7x10 (negative 6th power) concentration of copper sulfate and ferrous sulfate (5:2) mixture Quanchiposa, can control trichoderma and tongue cup disease; with o. 5x10 (negative 6th power) concentration of 90% crystal trichlorfon Quanchiposa can control the third generation of worms.
IV. Muddy fishing, holding and transportation
1. Fishing
At the bottom of the pond's drainage bottom jacket, as the water flows out of the outlets, the muddy water slowly concentrates into the fish collection pits, and some of them flow into the net with the water, and then the water collects the fish pits so that the loach concentrates on the net. If you put water in the pond outside the fish pond at the same time, use 5-6 kilograms of water per acre, bake it out in the fire for 3-5 minutes, and take it out into a powder: soak in water for 3-5 hours. Spilling mud to drive it quickly to the fish pit, the better fishing effect.
2. Holding
After the mud has been captured, whether it is sold domestically or exported, it must be put in fishponds, cages, water tanks or concrete pools for a few days with fresh water (without feeding). Its purpose is: to eliminate body excrement, improve the survival rate of the transport; remove the muddy smell of the mud, improve the taste of the food; concentrate the loach in one place, which is convenient for batch shipment.
3. transport
Chengyu's skin respiration and intestinal respiration function are very strong and convenient for transportation. Proximity transport can be carried out by dry transport, ie placing the loach in the container, keeping the skin moist for close-distance transport; medium-haul transport can be carried by casks or shipping fish, generally 1 kg of water can be shipped 1-1. 5 kilograms of loach. When the temperature is 15°C, it can be shipped for 5-8 hours; for long-distance transportation, it should be cooled and transported. That is, the fresh loach is placed in a refrigerated truck at a temperature of about 5°C to maintain temperature and heat.
Loach is a kind of omnivorous small freshwater fish that is commonly distributed in rivers, ditches, paddy fields, ponds, lakes, and reservoirs, etc., except for the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It is one of the main freshwater economic fishes. However, due to over-fishing and deterioration of habitats, muddy resources have been destroyed and natural production has been greatly reduced. In order to increase the effective supply, it is particularly important to develop large-scale, muddy farming. Now we will introduce a simple introduction to the artificial breeding and large-scale breeding of loach.
First, artificial breeding of loach
1. Intimate choice and discrimination
The pro-growths used for artificial reproduction are generally not easy to store in long-term. It is advisable to collect the natural loach in the vicinity of the spawning period for artificial propagation after intensive cultivation. When collecting, you must choose 2 years of age or more. Body shape, strong physique, more mucus, health and injury-free mature mud. Females require a body length of 18 cm and a body weight of 30 g or more. The abdomen expands softly and elastically. Males require a body length of 12 cm and a weight of 15 g or more. Male and female were identified as: Mature females were significantly larger than males, with short pectoral fins and obtuse ends. They were fan-shaped, with prominent abdomen. The body was cylindrical and genital valgus was red. The male skeleton is small in size, with long and narrow pectoral fins. The tip is pointed and upturned. The base of the second fin has a thin slice of bone. There are stars on the fin.
2. Artificial oxytocin
(1) Commonly used appliances
Pre-natal must be prepared for common equipment. There are 2 types of utensils with a diameter of 6cm for the study of the pituitary gland and the testis, a number of medical syringes with a capacity of 1 to 2ml, and a number of 4th injection needles for the pro-injection of oxytocin; dissection scissors and knives. Each of the two scorpions. For the removal of the testis; several towels, several hard feathers on the wings of the poultry, one 1000 ml bottle, two 20 or 50 ml straws, and several basins or buckets for pro-spawning, Several white enamel bowls.
(2) Production
Muddy artificial production time is later than natural reproduction, requiring that the water temperature stabilizes to above 20°C. Typical oxytocin drugs are: hCG, pituitary, and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogues (lrh-a) in doses of 300-400 IU for each female, or 1 for carp pituitary Or lrh-a5-10ug, and the dose of male hormones is halved. Injection site is generally used for back muscle injection, body cavity injection can also be used, female lice injection dose of 0.2ml, male lice 0.1ml, injection depth o. 2cm. The injection time is based on muddy culminating in reaching early estrus in the early morning of the next day. After the injection of the intimacy into 2mx1mxo. In a cage of 5m (length x width x height), 50 cages were placed in each cage, and the proportion of males to females was 1:1.2 to 1.5. At the same time, several fish nests were placed in cages.
(3) Artificial insemination
At the time of proximity effect. If you find that male and female prostitutes are chasing gradually, there are males and females who will squint their bodies and females will have shortness of breath. This indicates that the estrus has reached its climax. At this time, there is a golden egg flowing out of the female's abdomen. Perform artificial insemination. Artificial insemination should be performed indoors. One person wraps the mature female with a towel, exposes the belly, and gently squeezes the abdomen, squeezes the mature egg into a dry white enamel plate; another person pours the prepared semen on the egg; the third person uses the lighter hand Shake the porcelain plate and gently stir it with feathers for a few seconds. Add a small amount of water to enhance sperm motility. Improve fertility rate. The insemination egg is then rinsed several times and incubated in an incubation tank.
(4) Incubation Management
The fertilized eggs that are relatively concentrated at the same time should be placed in the incubation tank. The incubation water should be fresh, rich in oxygen, no pollution, dissolved oxygen should be 6-7mg/1, ph value should be between 7-8, and 2-3 eggs should be laid every 1ml of water. The water flow in the hatching tank should be controlled so that the fertilized egg can be flushed into the surface of the water. When it approaches the water surface, it gradually spreads to the surrounding area and gradually sinks. The suitable water temperature for hatching is 20-28°C, the optimum water temperature is 25°C, and the water temperature can be hatched by about 30-35h at 24-25°C. After hatching, the fry should continue to raise water in the original tank and hold it until the yolk sac of most larvae disappears. Then, the cooked yolk should be fed into the tank, with an egg yolk of 200,000 tails. After two to three days of feeding, the next tank can be transferred to seedlings for cultivation.
Second, pond large-scale farming
The so-called "scale farming" refers to the production of a loach high-yield aquaculture with 100 mu or even hundreds of mu of mu in the same location. It requires an average yield of 500kg or more, combined with seedling cultivation, commercial production, feed supply, and merchandise sales. Provide the market with ample quantities of commodity loach.
1. Site selection
The selection of loach farm sites should be as far as possible: the water sources should be sufficient and reliable; the water quality should be fresh and pollution-free; the water supply and drainage should be convenient and self-irrigation; the soil should be made of neutral or slightly acidic clay soil; the sunlight should be sufficient; and the traffic should be convenient; Power is guaranteed.
2. The construction of Chengchi Pond
The area of ​​the pond is 1oo-300m2. When the Dianchi pond is built, considering the muddy and unique mud performance and escape ability, the pool must be 40cm above the water surface. The best choice of material is cement board, brick or hard plastic. Plate, or compacted with triaxial soil. Screens can also be used to cover the surrounding areas of the pond. The screens are buried in hard soil and rise above the water surface by 15-20 cm. Pool depth requires 80-100cm. The bottom layer should have 20-30cm of mud, and the depth of water should be kept within 30-50cm. The water inlet is 20cm above the water surface. The drain outlet is located at the level of the normal level of the pond. The bottom of the drain is set at the bottom of the bottom of the fish at the bottom of the pool. The inlet and outlet openings are wrapped with dense mesh to prevent muddy run. Fish slip (set mud pit): In order to facilitate fishing, the fish is set in the pool connected with the drainage bottom, its area is about 5% of the pool bottom, deeper than the pool bottom 30-35cm. The fish is surrounded by wooden boards or made of concrete or brick.
3. Pre-stocking preparation and stocking
Ten days before stocking, clean the pond, plug the loopholes, clear the drains, and dig the bottom of the pond. Lime clear pond again. When the depth of the pool is 10cm, 1kg of lime is applied per 10m 2 , and the whole pool is splashed immediately after the calcine is converted into pulp. After 3 days of clear pond, apply base fertilizer with 30cm of water. The amount of basal fertilizer: 3 kg of chicken manure applied per 10 m2; if applied to manure, swine manure, cow dung, 5 kg per 10 m2; if applying chemical fertilizer, 7 g of nitrogen fertilizer per cubic meter of water, phosphate fertilizer 1 Grams. It is used to breed plankton, so that the natural feed can be eaten after the species is bred. Before the stocking, 8x10 (negative 6th power) or 10x10 (negative power 6th) bleaching solution can be used to disinfect fish species. When the water temperature is 10-15°C, the immersion time is 20-30 minutes.
After the toxicity of the drug to be disinfected disappears, put 3 to 4 cm of 50 to 60 tails per square meter, and the water source condition and technical strength can be appropriately increased. In the muddy pond, it is appropriate to breed the pelagic fishes, such as grasses, oysters, oysters, and other summer fish species, and it is not appropriate to match tilapia, clams, and squid species.
4. Feeding management
(1). Fertilizer
Loach is an omnivorous fish, like eating organic debris and plankton, benthic animals. Therefore, fertilizing measures should be adopted to cultivate natural food during the breeding stage. In addition to Shiji Fei, it is also necessary to top-dress fertilizer in time according to the water color. Topdressing commonly used manure, such as pig manure, cow dung, chicken manure, human feces, can also be applied calcium phosphate, urea, ammonium bicarbonate and other fertilizers, depending on the amount of fertilizer, depending on the color, usually 30-50% of base fertilizer. The pool water transparency is controlled at 15-20cm, and the water color is yellow-green.
(2). Feeding
Mud feeds widely. When breeding, in addition to fertilizing and cultivating water quality, compound feed should also be fed. The muddy appetite is related to the water temperature. When the water temperature is below 20°C, the main food intake is plant-based food, accounting for about 60-70%; when the water temperature is 21-23°C, the animal and vegetable diets each account for 50%; when the water temperature exceeds 24°C, the plant-based diet should be Reduced to 30-40%. The animal feeds for loach feeding include: fishmeal, animal viscera, earthworms, small miscellaneous fish, blood meal, etc.; plant foods include: soybean meal, vegetable meal, secondary meal, wheat bran, and cereals. Artificial compound feeds are generally fed once a day in the afternoon and in the afternoon, and the daily feeding amount is 4-10% of the loach body weight. Feeding should be based on water quality, weather, and food intake. When the water temperature is above 15°C, the loach appetite gradually increases, and the appetite at 25-27°C is particularly exuberant. When the temperature exceeds 30°C or lower than 12°C, less food or even feeding should be stopped. Bait to do: timing, fixed-point, qualitative, quantitative.
5. Daily management
The daily management work is mainly to adjust the water quality and keep the pond water quality “fat, live, and coolâ€. The water color is preferably yellow-green, changing water once or twice a week; sticking to the pond three times a day; paying attention to changes in water color and muddy activities of the pool water; regularly feeding fish disease prevention drugs; cleaning the feed table and regularly disinfecting it; Treatment is timely when disease occurs; inflow and outfalls, and Tanggu must be regularly inspected and leaks must be repaired in a timely manner; in the event of abrupt changes in the climate, such as: hot weather, low air pressure, thunderstorms, or rainy days, observe whether Chengdu-Chongqing is Floating head. If the floating head is serious, it is necessary to flush new water c in time to make a daily work record.
Third, common disease prevention
1. Aquatic mildew
Caused by water fungi, Pythium and other fungal infections. Most of the disease was caused by carcass injury. The mold spores propagated in the wound and invaded the body tissues. The morbidity site of the disease was white or gray cotton floc. Control methods: Immerse in 1x10 (negative 6th power) malachite green solution for 15-30 minutes; or use 4x10 (negative 4th power) solution of baking soda and salt to form a mixture, then Quanchiposa.
2. Red fin disease
Caused by Brevibacterium infection. Diseased fins, abdomen, skin and anus around congestion, ulceration, caudal fins, pectoral fins white rot. Control method: use 1x10 (negative 6th power) bleaching agent Quanchiposa; or 0.5x10 (negative 6th power) concentration to kill heytary Quanchiposa; or use 10x10 (negative 6th power) concentration of tetracycline solution Dip for 12 hours.
3. Print disease
Caused by Aeromonas hydrophila parasitism. The lesions are swollen and red, oval and round. The affected area was mainly on both sides of the caudal peduncle and it seemed to be stamped. Control methods: Use 0.5x10 (negative 6th power) concentration to kill Hein Quanchiposa for therapeutic purposes.
4. parasitic disease
It is mainly caused by parasites such as trichomonads, tongue beetles and third-generation insects. The sick body is thin, often floating on the surface of the water. Or on the surface of the water, increased body surface mucus. Control methods: use o. 7x10 (negative 6th power) concentration of copper sulfate and ferrous sulfate (5:2) mixture Quanchiposa, can control trichoderma and tongue cup disease; with o. 5x10 (negative 6th power) concentration of 90% crystal trichlorfon Quanchiposa can control the third generation of worms.
IV. Muddy fishing, holding and transportation
1. Fishing
At the bottom of the pond's drainage bottom jacket, as the water flows out of the outlets, the muddy water slowly concentrates into the fish collection pits, and some of them flow into the net with the water, and then the water collects the fish pits so that the loach concentrates on the net. If you put water in the pond outside the fish pond at the same time, use 5-6 kilograms of water per acre, bake it out in the fire for 3-5 minutes, and take it out into a powder: soak in water for 3-5 hours. Spilling mud to drive it quickly to the fish pit, the better fishing effect.
2. Holding
After the mud has been captured, whether it is sold domestically or exported, it must be put in fishponds, cages, water tanks or concrete pools for a few days with fresh water (without feeding). Its purpose is: to eliminate body excrement, improve the survival rate of the transport; remove the muddy smell of the mud, improve the taste of the food; concentrate the loach in one place, which is convenient for batch shipment.
3. transport
Chengyu's skin respiration and intestinal respiration function are very strong and convenient for transportation. Proximity transport can be carried out by dry transport, ie placing the loach in the container, keeping the skin moist for close-distance transport; medium-haul transport can be carried by casks or shipping fish, generally 1 kg of water can be shipped 1-1. 5 kilograms of loach. When the temperature is 15°C, it can be shipped for 5-8 hours; for long-distance transportation, it should be cooled and transported. That is, the fresh loach is placed in a refrigerated truck at a temperature of about 5°C to maintain temperature and heat.
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