Garlic is a bulbous crop that requires large amount of fertilizer and is more tolerant to fat. It is suitable for cultivation in sandy loam soil rich in organic matter, loose and fertile soil surface, complete nutrition, and good water and fertilizer retention and ventilation. According to the research, for every 1000 kg of fresh garlic produced, 4.5 to 5 kg of nitrogen, 1.1 to 1.3 kg of phosphorus, and 4.1 to 4.7 kg of potassium are needed, and the ratio is 3:1:3. Therefore, on the basis of fully understanding the growth characteristics and fertilizer-demand characteristics of garlic, applying scientific fertilization is the key to achieving high quality and high yield of garlic.
According to the growth characteristics of garlic and the characteristics of required fertilizer, in the fertilization of garlic, it should be adhered to organic fertilizer, supplemented by chemical fertilizer; basal fertilizer should be the main, supplemented by top-dressing; the application of coarse fertilizer and chemical fertilizer should be the principle of fertilization. Satisfy the needs of nutrients in the growth and development of garlic.
Apply base fertilizer: Because the garlic root is shallow, the root hair is few, and the ability of sucking fertilizer is poor. Therefore, the quality requirements of the base fertilizer (especially for the purpose of harvesting garlic and garlic) are relatively high, and the decomposed manure or cake fertilizer should be used as the main ingredient. Phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizers generally have 5000 kg of organic fertilizer per acre, 100 kg of cake fertilizer, and 25-35 kg of NPK fertilizer.
Early application of Miao Fei: Early application of Miao Miao is conducive to promoting the emergence of rapid emergence of long-rooted seedlings, improve the performance of winter sowing garlic overwintering. The priming and replenishing fertilizer requirements are carried out about 15 days after emergence. In addition to higher fertility and sufficient base fertilizer, the urea can be applied to 15 to 20 kilograms per acre.
Increasing application of green manure: Returning green manure generally rises in spring, when the heart and roots of garlic are grown, it is appropriate to apply 20-30 kilograms of urea per acre.
Reapplying moss fertilizer: It should generally be carried out when the scale buds and flower buds have been completely differentiated and garlic sprouts. Because at this time into the vigorous growth period, the amount of growth and fertilizer needs have reached a peak, it is generally required to re-apply, accounting for about 40% to 50% of the total top dressing, NPK fertilizer 25~30 kg per mu .
Skillfully applying Zhuangtou Fertilizer: The Zhuangtou fertilizer should be applied 25-30 days after the application of bolting fertilizer. The Zhuangtou fertilizer should be dominated by nitrogen fertilizer, combined with the application of a small amount of P and K fertilizers to meet the needs of garlic sprouts and garlic bulbs on the nutrient, generally per mu. Apply about 15 kilograms of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer.
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