The most direct and simple way to save fertilizer is to apply deep fertilizer. Taking urea as an example, the utilization rate can reach 47%-50% after deep application, and the utilization rate after only 25% is applied. Obviously, deep application can significantly increase fertilizer utilization and save on fertilizer costs.
Deep application of fertilizers can, on the one hand, reduce the loss of nutrients caused by rainwater, evaporation, etc., and directly achieve the purposes of fertilizer saving. On the other hand, deep application can increase the absorption rate of nutrients in the root system, and the cultivation of huge and thick root systems can play a role. Effectively resists lodging and reduces losses. For example, after the deep application of fertilizers, the rice root coefficient in the lower layer can be increased by 50%, enhancing the lodging resistance.
Lodging is one of the important causes of rice production reduction, including root lodging and stem lodging. The root lodging was mainly caused by the shallow rooting of rice roots and the poor development of the lower roots. The stem lodging was mainly caused by the thin stem base and underdeveloped mechanical organization. In recent years, with the promotion of high-yield, super-high-yield rice varieties, lodging has been a major threat to the production potential of such varieties.
The root system is an important organ for crops to absorb nutrients. Wang Jian's root system is derived from a good soil nutrient environment and is also an information feedback for the vigorous growth of the aboveground parts. Producing large root systems in production can significantly increase above-ground biomass, enhance lodging resistance and increase crop yields. The deep application of fertilizers can significantly increase the dry weight and root volume of rice roots, which helps to increase the root holding capacity and enhance the lodging resistance of rice.
However, there are also some problems in the deep application of rice fertilizers. For example, when rice is transplanted, deep fertilization cannot be performed. This requires all the nutrients needed for growth and development to be applied before the rice is transplanted, and the rice controlled-release fertilizer can solve this problem.
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