In the past four years, rapeseed production in our province has continuously obtained a high yield of more than 160 kilograms per mu. This is inseparable from recent years' efforts to promote high quality, high quality products, simplicity, high efficiency, and stress resilience, as well as stable investment levels. However, with the transfer of rural labor force, the overall quality of farmers has been declining, the labor cost has been continuously rising, and the attractiveness of rape cultivation has gradually declined. The degree of peasants' emphasis on rapeseed production is not enough, and management is extensive, becoming an unstable factor in production. The relevant experts of the Provincial Agriculture Commission recently made a specific analysis of the problems existing in rapeseed cultivation and put forward corresponding countermeasures at the province's summer production and technology meeting.
Problem I: Late planting period Because the rice harvest period of the previous crop has been postponed, the current peak time for planting rape seedlings and appropriate transplanting in our province has been delayed by 5-10 days compared with the normal year. The sowing date has been delayed from mid-September to late September. The peak of transplanting was postponed until the end of October to mid-November.
Countermeasures: Properly sowing in early period to ensure safety According to the high-yield cultivation experience of rape in our province, the sowing date of rapeseed should be arranged in mid-late September, and the live rapeseed should be no later than mid-October to ensure safe wintering.
Question 2: The quality of seedlings is poor Because the seedbeds are tight and the seeding volume is large, the control measures cannot keep up, and the transplanting ratio of tall seedlings is high, and it is difficult to meet the standard of short and strong seedlings required for high yield cultivation.
Countermeasures: Precise seeding, cultivating strong seedlings According to the quality requirements of transplanting seedlings, about 1:7 or so, Putian and Datian are better than paddy fields and bed soil. Mu prepared species 0.4-0.5 kg, leaving 100-150 seedlings per square meter. At the same time, attention should be paid to the control of seedbeds and spraying of biochemical preparations such as uniconazole and dwarf seedlings should be used to cultivate strong seedlings and improve the cold resistance of rape seedlings. The seeding rate of the live rapeseed mu is controlled at 0.3-0.4 kg to ensure that all seedlings are seeded and seedlings are uniformly distributed.
Question 3: The poor quality of transplanting and high-yield cultivation requires the rapeseed Chaoyanggou to be transplanted, the seedlings of different sizes to be planted and transplanted, the appropriate transplanting, and the proper close planting, while the farmers use the busy space to transplant and the transplanting period is elongated; Multiple plantings in one hole; planting density is not enough, especially the density of transplanted rapeseed in the 5 cities of South Jiangsu is only about 6,000 per mu, and the number of basic seedlings in the group is insufficient.
Countermeasures: Transplanting in a timely manner, reasonably close planting When the seedlings reach the desired suitable leaf age, they should be transplanted in time to prevent the emergence of tall seedlings. Usually in the middle and late October, 30-35 days of age suitable for transplanting, transplanting density of 7000-8000 acres per plant is appropriate. The seedling density of live rapeseed is controlled at about 20,000 per acre, and the number of seedlings is appropriately increased or decreased according to the sowing date.
Question No. 4: Management is overcooked on fertilizer management. The phenomenon of one-time end-use application or the combination of two fertilizers and one fertilizer is more common in sporadic planting areas. Pre-winter basic measures such as paclobutrazol control, spring and autumn removal, sclerotinia prevention, and supporting ditch systems are difficult to implement in many fields.
Countermeasures: In addition to chemical control, the strong seedlings will do well before the winter and winter, control the growth, strengthen the strong, and control the promotion, so as to improve the antifreeze ability of the seedlings and promote the development of the root system. We must also do a good job of removing weeds. In particular, rapeseed should be weighed more seriously. Before winter, we must focus on the herbaceous grass and choose a quasi-pharmaceutical agent. Early digging inside and outside the three ditch, so that drainage and irrigation flow, irrigation can energy, improve drought resistance.
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