Abstract: The application of sand filter in micro-irrigation project can not only improve the agricultural quality of micro-irrigation, but also ensure the integrity and good use of micro-irrigation equipment, reduce the occurrence of crop pests and diseases, and be conducive to stable production and increase of agriculture. .
Key words: sand filter; micro irrigation; application
In the years of drought, irrigated land fully demonstrated the effect of increased irrigation. Only by vigorously developing irrigation can we ensure the sustainable and stable development of agricultural production. In the past few years, the two cities have started to improve the agricultural production conditions and ecological environment by promoting water-saving micro-irrigation, developing “two high and one excellent†agriculture and water-saving agriculture, improving land utilization rate and multiple cropping index, and improving the agricultural planting structure and improving The overall quality and benefits of agriculture increase the income of farmers. Strengthen the collective economic strength, increase fiscal revenue, lay a foundation for a new leap in agricultural economy, promote the transformation of traditional agriculture to modern agriculture, and accelerate the pace of agricultural modernization. The sand filter is applied to the micro-irrigation project, which is beneficial to improve the efficiency of the micro-irrigation project and ensure the stable production and increase of production in agriculture.
1 Filter structure and working principle
A sand filter is a device that uses sand as a medium for filtration. It is mainly composed of the tank inlet, the water outlet, the sewage outlet, the sand bed and so on. The auxiliary components include inlet pressure regulator, drain valve, flush valve and pressure gauge, as shown in Figure 1. According to the flow requirements of the first pivot of the micro-irrigation, multiple tanks can be used in parallel, and the tank is made of steel. The grading particle size of the sand bed is 1.5-4.0 mm, which is layered by various gravel of different particle sizes. The upper layer has small particle size and large bottom layer particle size. The filtration principle is that water containing impurities such as mud sand enters the tank and enters the sand bed. The filtration process is completed through the tortuous pores between the filter media, the mud sand is trapped in the sand bed filter unit, and the filtered water enters through the sand bed filter unit. Secondary screen filter. Manual cleaning or backwashing should be performed when the pressure difference exceeds the maximum allowable pressure drop during operation.
2 Performance of sand filter
Sand and gravel filter is mainly used for water filtration of organic matter and mud sand in reservoirs, ponds, dams, open channels, rivers, etc. It is especially suitable for the treatment of algae, floating objects and other debris. Depending on the type of emitter selected, it is generally required to be used in series with a screen filter or a laminated filter. The main technical parameters of the sand filter are shown in Table 1.
3 Advantages of micro-sand sand filter
(1) For micro-irrigation of dry crops, the main method is: self-pressure connection of low-pressure hose of water tank sand filter tank, every micro-perfusion hole every 30 cm on the hose, and the water tank is micro-irrigated while moving. The cost of the law is low, and the cost per set is less than 42,000 yuan. It is easy to use, simple to operate, and saves 2P3 of water than the ditch irrigation. It does not need to repair the canal and build the concrete. It not only improves the land utilization rate, but also saves labor and time, and applies hills and hills. For example, if you invest 1.5 million yuan, you can purchase 28 sets of micro-irrigation equipment, and the micro-irrigation area can reach 280 hm2.
(2) For micro-irrigation of vegetables, the temperature of the greenhouse can be increased by 1 °C ~ 3 °C, reducing the occurrence of pests and diseases, and improving the yield and quality of vegetables. It is the best water-saving and efficient irrigation method at present, such as increasing investment. Promising.