Dear friends, everyone is happy to introduce to you today the importance of melons, especially the cultivation of Hami melon, the methods of grafting and the focus of grafting. These are my experiences in the past two years. Share with you. Useful places may wish to refer to and need improvement. Please enlighten me a lot, thank you!
Muskmelon has a thin skin and thick skin, thin skin melon is what we often say melons and the like, thick skin melons are generally reticulated melons and the like, as well as melon melons, not much to introduce! The harm of diseases for melons, Thick-skinned melon is larger than thin-skinned melon, and the melons are particularly ill in areas with low humidity and low light, so that they can hardly grow in the south, especially the original melons of Xinjiang. In the south, if sheltered by rain, use pesticides to prevent Diseases and diseases can be controlled to a certain extent, but the cost is too high, and it affects the flavor and safety of foods. Therefore, minimizing the transmission of diseases is a top priority! The preferred method of grafting is to prevent soil-borne disease and supplement with air disinfection. Can greatly reduce costs, basically prevent soil-borne diseases, effectively prevent blight, blight, leaf spot and other melon nemesis!
Grafting has multiple meanings. The first is prevention. It is an effective anti-reverse disease for thin-skinned melons. It plays an important role in muskmelon, especially cantaloupe. Second, it increases production, the root system of grafted rootstocks is well developed, and it has strong absorption capacity and strong growth. Some rootstocks can even improve the quality of melons!
Regarding the varieties of grafted rootstocks, Citroen and Sheng'an No. 1 were most preferred for the data. The increase in yield was more than 30%, the disease resistance was 80% (for cantaloupe), the flavor was not changed, and the sugar content was increased by about 2 degrees. After the Tangshan small boxing champion and Shengzheng No.1, it was almost the same as that described on the data. Since I cultivated by soilless cultivation, the yield was a bit higher. Here we will introduce the grafting of basic soil types. Department, please correct me friends, thank you!
Melon seedlings
1. Choose a place where melons and Beans have not been planted in recent years. Make use of a decomposed organic fertilizer and a suitable amount of ternary compound fertilizer to deepen 20 cm deep. Of course, the use of soilless seedlings is convenient, with a good matrix, with seedling bags installed.
2. Soak seed germination seeds for 2-3 days to kill bacteria on the surface and break the dormancy. Soak it in cold water of 12-15°C for 1 hour, then soak in 800-fold solution of chlorothalonil for 5 hours, rinse with cool water, and germinate in an environment of 25-30°C. When the young shoot grows 0.2-0.3 cm, it is placed in the environment of 10-15°C to germinate at low temperature for 10-12 hours to improve the adaptability of the bud. Of course, different varieties will have different requirements, please follow this principle to adjust the use of temperature and time.
3. Seeding and seedling management sowing is selected on sunny morning. It is advisable to pour water into the pot first, soaking the empty soil. After the water infiltration, the seeds (buds facing downwards) were inserted into the pots according to the row spacing of 10 cm and 5 cm, so that 2/3 of the seeds were inserted into the soil, covered with fine soil, and the fine soil became conical with a thickness of about 1 cm. Keep the temperature at 28-30°C during the day and 18-20°C at night. 80% of the seedlings emerged in time after exhumation to prevent emergence of tall seedlings. After the seedlings are released, the daytime temperature is maintained at 20-26°C and nighttime at 13-18°C.
Nutrition Rootstock
1. 50% of high quality decomposed farmyard manure and fertile field soil with nutritious soil prepared by sieving. Add 3 kg of ternary compound fertilizer per cubic meter. Stir well and put it into 8 cm 10 cm nutrient bowl. Close to reality.
2. Seed sowing seedlings and sowing the same with melon. Wait until the melon's cotyledon develops flat (approximately 7 days) and then sow the rootstock seeds. Each seed has 1 seed. The root stock is selected from Sheng An No. 1, which has strong affinity and does not affect the quality of melon.
Focus on the grafting method!
There are several methods of grafting, and the most convenient method is the plug-in method. The survival rate is the highest. Other types also have their own advantages.
First, plug method
Rootstocks should be sown 7 days earlier than the scions. After the seedlings emerge, the scions are sown. The rootstocks are sown in the nutrient bowl. The scion is sown on the seedling tray. When the rootstock and the first true leaf of the scion appear to be unfolded, the scion is pulled out from the seedling dish. Place the scion seedlings in a water bowl to keep them clean, tender, and in an inflated state. Pour the rootstock nutrient into the foot water, wipe off the water from the rootstock growing point, and use the blade to put the true leaves together with the growth point from the stem of the cotyledon. Remove and then use bamboo sticks to insert the hypocotyls of the cotyledon of the stock from the incision downwards. Make a hole of 0.5-1 cm deep. The tip of the bamboo stick exposes the epidermis of the hypocotyl about 2 mm. Then the blade is used to cut the scion into two sides. Smooth wedge (can also be cut into a single slope so that the slope is facing down), quickly pull out the bamboo stick, obliquely cut the scion obliquely into the hole of the rootstock, so that it is just affixed with the rootstock to expose a little tip, clip the whole The material is small and pointed. After the picking, the cotyledons of the scion intersect with the cotyledons of the stock.
Second, the connection method
First broadcast the rootstock and sow the panicles after 7 days. When the cotyledons of the melons are spread, the grafts can be grafted. Firstly, the growth point of the rootstock should be cut off. The first side of the main shaft should be about 1 cm deep from the top to the bottom. (Not to cut Hollow), and then cut the hypocotyls of the melon scion into a shape, cut noodles 1 cm, insert into the mouth of the rootstock, so that the rootstock and scion surface smooth, with a round plastic clip.
Third, by the connection method
The melons were sown for 7 days and the rootstocks were sown in the seedling tray or nutrient bowl. During the initial period when the first true leaves of the rootstock appeared, the grafts were grafted when the size of the rootstock was similar. The rootstock seedlings were raised first, and the roots were completely protected. The growing point was removed with a bamboo stick, and the blade was cut diagonally from the top 0.5cm below the cotyledon on the side of the rootstock to a depth of 1/2 incision. About 1 cm long; melon seedlings are also rooted out, cut 1 cm below the subsection with a blade from the bottom upward incline about 2/3 incision thick stem, the two incisions to plug anastomosis, with a good clamping clip Then the rootstock of the rootstock seedlings and the melon seedlings were separated and transplanted into the nutrient bowl, and the melon seedlings were cut off after survival to remove the grafting clip. This method is convenient for the survival rate to be high. Rootstock seedlings can also be grown without grafting.
IV. Technical management of grafted seedlings
The grafted seedlings are discharged neatly on the rack bed. If placed on the ground, it is necessary to lay the straw first so that the nutrient bottom water is sufficient. After spraying, 800 times of the chlorothalonil liquid is used to prevent the interface infection. The seedling is placed on the small arch shed and the first three days are covered. The paper is shaded by the shade net. The relative humidity of the air in the shed is close to 100%. The inside of the membrane is dew, and the temperature inside the bed is 25-30 degrees Celsius and 15-20 degrees Celsius at night. The fourth day is sooner or later. Each see light for 1 hour, the fifth day see light for 2 hours, the sixth day see light for 3 hours, the seventh day all see light, from small to large gradually release the air, lower the indoor temperature and increase light, the first 10 days to remove the clip , By cutting off the roots of melons and eradicating lateral buds, enter normal management.
Glyphosate is a kind of non-selective, no residual sterilant herbicides, root weeds is very effective for many years, is widely used in rubber, orchards, mulberry, tea and sugar cane.Main inhibition of enol acetone in plant base shikimic phosphate synthetase, thus inhibiting shikimic element to the transformation of phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan to distract protein synthesis, cause plant death.Glyphosate is through stem conduction to each part of the plant after absorption, can control the single cotyledon and dicotyledonous, annual and perennial, herbs and shrubs more than 40 families of plants.Glyphosate the grave after combined with iron, aluminum and other metal ions and soon lose activity, hidden in the soil of seed and soil microbial without adverse effects.
Agricultural Glyphosate,Agricultural Herbicide Glyphosate,Agriculture Industry Glyphosate,Agriculture Herbicide Glyphosate
Ningxia Bornstein Import & Export Co., Ltd , https://www.bornstein-agriculture.com