Although corals are the main builders of tropical coral reef systems, little is known about their microbiology. Therefore, the study of coral diseases is only limited to bacteria and fungi that are easy to cultivate. The depth of coverage of the 454 sequencing and the absence of cloning steps make it an ideal choice for unbiased large-scale sample metagenomic studies. In this study, the Genome Sequencer system identified more than 15,000 coral-associated viral sequences, of which herpesviruses were the most common. The first author, Rebecca Vega Thurber, said, “The large amount of comprehensive sequencing data currently available has led me to discover that this similarity has extensive and deep coverage across the herpes virus genome, not due to database bias.†Rebecca Vega Thurber was previously a member of the ForestRohwer Lab in San Diego and is now an assistant professor of biology at Florida International University. "More importantly, these sequences allow us to use non-traditional methods to test and confirm the hypothesis that stress causes these herpes-like viruses."
Christopher McLeod, President and CEO of 454 Life Sciences, said: "Dr. Rohwer's research on how climate change can affect tropical coral reefs by inducing viral population changes in this system is very interesting and important. We are pleased to see the use of our 454 sequencing system. The long-length and high-throughput metagenomic analysis enables the exploration of new areas of biology, such as coral virology, which was not possible a few years ago."
Although further research is needed to understand how these viruses affect coral physiology, it is now clear that environmental stress not only leads to the loss of coral symbionts, but also to bacterial and fungal diseases, and also to the increase in herpes-like viruses, which may explain the concomitant effects. The cause of the massive death of coral reefs caused by rising ocean temperatures and increased pollution.
454 Life Sciences is one of Roche's Centers of Excellence in Applied Science, developing and commercializing the innovative 454 Sequencing System for ultra-high throughput DNA sequencing. Specific applications include de novo sequencing and resequencing of genomes, metagenomics, RNA analysis, and directed sequencing of DNA target regions. The 454 sequencing system features simple sample preparation and no bias, and the read length includes long read lengths and high accuracy. The technology of the 454 Sequencing System has spawned hundreds of peer-reviewed studies in research areas such as cancer and infectious disease research, drug screening, marine biology, anthropology, and paleontology.
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