First, rib rot disease 1, symptoms: tendon rot symptoms are mainly uneven coloring of tomatoes, green and red, like "flower peel" like, and other parts of the skin reddened, and green The site is also red and tastes very poor. When the fruit skin is green, it cannot be seen. When the skin color of the fruit begins to turn red, this "flower peel fruit" appears. This scaly skin disease is a physical disease, which is also known as tendon rot. 2. Type: First, brown type. The beginning of the young fruit period, the main hazard 1-2 fruit. Cut open the disease, we can find that the vascular bundles in the peel are dark brown stripe, hardened or hardened. Vascular brown and wall browning fruits contain black ribs. The black ribs on the berry surface are dark, and black ribs are associated with coloration defects. Mature fruits also have green residue. Hardened tissue. The second is the white variant. Mainly occurs in the period of ripe fruit turning red, the disease is the uneven coloration of the fruit, light fruit shape change is not, heavy parts close to the pedicel appear green protruding shape, reddening part is slightly sunken, the disease part has wax Glossy, cut open the disease fruit can be found in the pulp was "squeaky" shape, the vascular tissue of the pulp was dark brown, the light part of the vascular bundle became brown and necrotic, and the browning site did not become red, the pulp hardening, poor quality, food Light and tasteless. Onset of heavy fruit, the vascular bundles of the fruit were all dark brown, some of the fruits formed voids, and the bright red and green surfaces were uneven. 3, the pathogenesis. Black tendon rot often occurs in the low temperature and low light winter, and leggy exacerbates the damage of black rot. At the same time, it is also related to fertilizers. It is beneficial to the occurrence of black-rot rot when more fertilizers, especially ammonium nitrogen, potassium deficiency or absorption are obstructed. In addition, too much dense planting of continuous toppings also promotes the occurrence of black rot. The occurrence of white rib rot is closely related to the infection of tobacco mosaic virus, and there are large differences among varieties. Generally, varieties with no TMV resistance factor are prone to white tendon rot. 4, prevention and control measures. Mainly in the management efforts, appropriate increase in light, scientifically determined sowing, daylight greenhouse should be maintained at 23-28 °C during the day, should be above 28 °C to reduce the temperature and humidity. From May to May, shade nets can be used to reduce the temperature in solar greenhouses. In the autumn and winter nights, the temperature is 13-17°C. Covered with straws can be used to increase the insulation capacity. In the autumnal and even winter season, even if the temperature in the shed is lowered, the grass curtain should be opened to see the light in order to promote growth and reduce the risk of rot. Formula fertilization is applied during the planting period, and multi-element fertilizers can be sprayed on the above-mentioned conditions. Tomato special fertilizer is one kind of humic acid compound spray fertilizer. Besides having the characteristics of general fertilizer, it also adds a kind of large, smooth and uniform trace element copper to tomatoes, in addition to high content of nitrogen, Phosphorus, potassium, trace elements than the whole, but also contains water-soluble humic acid and a variety of phytonutrients, non-toxic, harmless, non-polluting. Spraying, the absorption rate is high, does not compact the soil, with "promoting buds, promoting roots, promoting leaves, protecting fruit, increasing solids, improving quality, disease resistance, early maturing," and so on. The timely management of pests is also a key link in cultivation. White tendon rot is related to the spread of tobacco mosaic virus by insects. In the whole growth period, it is timely to kill locusts, whiteflies and other media, available 2.5% Aktai 2,500 times, 40% white Witness 6000 times, 10% net 2000 times again, 40% of whitefly 6,000 times to prevent and control, while using the virus A500 times or 1.5% of the plant disease spirit 1500 times spray control. Second, the umbilical rot disease 1, symptoms: the disease originated in the umbilical young fruit, the initial dark brown spot immersion, with the growth of the fruit, the lesion gradually expanded into subsidence, leathery, brown or Black necrotic area, black rot on the spot when wet. The hard brown area can be extended to the inside of the fruit, causing early redness of the disease, which is a typical physiological disease. 2, the pathogenesis. The disease occurs because of calcium deficiency in the fruit. It is the insufficient supply of calcium in the corresponding functional leaves that supply fruit nutrients. Several factors affect the absorption of calcium from the soil, including drought, high salt concentrations, and plants. The root is damaged by pests or excessive water. The application of too much nitrogen fertilizer may contribute to the occurrence of this disease because nitrogen stimulates plant growth and consumes useful calcium for the fruit. Different types of species are more likely to infect the disease. 3, prevention measures. First, pay attention to scientific balanced fertilization, in addition to full use of organic fertilizer as a base fertilizer, but also use a certain amount of superphosphate to prevent soil calcium deficiency; Second, deep plowing the land, the use of plastic film cover cultivation, to maintain relatively stable soil moisture, Reduce the loss of calcium in the soil; the third is timely irrigation, especially in the result period should pay attention to the balanced supply of water, prevent sudden changes. In case of flowering, in case of high temperature and drought, timely watering should be done. During the rainy season, attention should be paid to the drainage after the rain to ensure the normal function of the root system. Fourthly, it is necessary to steadily apply nitrogen fertilizer in the early stage of growth to avoid excessive nutrition, and to spray 1% over the fruit setting period. Calcium phosphate leachate or 1% calcium chloride solution, sprayed once every 10 days, or sprayed with just-grown young fruit with Merrill's high-efficiency calcium and other calcium products, once every 5-7 days. Spray 2-3 times. In addition, if umbilical rot fruit is found in the young fruit period, it should be removed in time to reduce the consumption of nutrients in the plant and ensure the growth of healthy fruit.
Fertigation is using your irrigator to fertilise the plants and soils as you water, which is the most efficient and advanced practice of fertilization. Aid of pressure system (or natural divide terrain), the soluble solid or liquid fertilizer, according to the soil nutrient content and crop fertilizer regularity and characteristics of species, with the fat of with irrigation water, through a controlled water supply pipeline system, supplying, the compatibility, water through the pipe and drop head form drip irrigation, uniform, regular, quantitative, infiltration area crop root growth and development, make the main root soil always stay loose and appropriate moisture content, at the same time according to different crop fertilizer characteristics, environment and soil nutrient content in soil; Crops in different growth phase water requirement, the different development stages of the fertilizer rule is the demand of design, the water and nutrient timing quantitative, provided directly in proportion to the crops.
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