In recent years, Hebei County explored a farmland water-saving planting model - sweet potato mulch covering high-yield cultivation techniques. The implementation of this technology has basically reached the goal of saving water and fertilizers while achieving high economic benefits. Its main technology is as follows:
First, choose fine varieties to choose suitable local climate characteristics, production conditions and high-quality, high-yield, disease-resistant varieties, using double-film cold bed breeding technology to cultivate non-toxic strong seedlings
Second, soil fertigation fertilization choose soil fertility, irrigation conditions of the soil, deep plowing soil preparation, spring and autumn in the early autumn and winter plowing the best plowing, late in the late winter and early winter no time to deep plowing, can be carried out in the early spring after the defrosting, such as deep plowing Too late, the spring wind is less windy and heavy, and it is easy to run away, which is not conducive to survival. Deep plowing can improve soil permeability, expand the distribution range of sweet potato roots, and increase the ability to absorb water and nutrients. In combination with soil preparation Mushi organic fertilizer 3, potassium sulfate 20 to 25 kg, superphosphate 30 kg, ammonium bicarbonate or urea 20 kg , conditions can be applied 50 kilograms of ash.
Third, spraying herbicide spray herbicide is best carried out before or in conjunction with the cover film. Herbicides should be applied before the seedlings to prevent seedlings from being phytotoxic. 250 grams of weeding agent per acre, 70 kilograms of water for ridge surface spraying, to form a layer of medicinal film.
Fourth, timely and early planting appropriate conditions in the local temperature conditions suitable for early planting, extending the field of sweet potato growth period, with significant increase in production. This can more effectively use the cover film effect at low temperatures in early spring to effectively prevent low temperatures in early spring. Generally after the late frost, the ground temperature can be set at 17°C. After planting, the potato seedlings are rooted and survived under the membrane and grow for about 20 days, which can effectively solve the problem of low temperature or low accumulated temperature.
Fifth, the planting cover film is generally used to cover the rear cover film, its advantages are easy and fast operation. Planting methods are generally planted on double rows of large ridges, one for both membranes, 70 cm for large rows, 40 cm for small rows, 25 cm spacing, and 4000 plants per mu. The method is to use a hammer pit, 25 cm a plant, the seedlings lying along the bottom of the pit about 10 cm or so, and then the head about two leaves lifted one by one exposed, seedlings tilted to one side, so that the film, buried compaction , And then watering by points, the amount of water should be large, so that the roots of seedlings infiltration, until the water seepage after the buried compaction. And keep the ridge flat. On the afternoon of the next day, the potato seedlings are covered with a film when they are soft, so that the seedlings can be prevented from being broken along with the cover film. After covering the membrane, press a mound every 2 meters on the ridge to prevent the membrane from being blown by the wind. Then pay attention to the inspection and find that the wind has been scraped or the membrane surface has been damaged in time. After the film is covered with a hand or a knife, make a small mouth at the seedlings, gently release the seedlings by hand, and then seal the mouth with fine wet soil.
6. Field inspections should be conducted 3 to 5 days after field management is strengthened. If seedlings and dead seedlings are found, they should be planted immediately. When planting seedlings, large seedlings, strong seedlings, and more watering should be selected, and a small amount of available nitrogen fertilizer should be applied to ensure successful planting. For potato seedlings that are too weak in the field, they can also be unplugged as soon as possible and supplemented with strong seedlings. The sooner the better the field is, the better it will be to achieve Miao Qi. During the growth of sweet potato, cultivators, topdressing, drought prevention, and drainage shall be conducted in time. Take measures such as lifting vines, picking hearts, and chemical control to control the growth of stems and leaves. Generally cultivating 2 or 3 times, respectively, after easing seedlings, branching time and before closing line. About 1 month after planting, the tubers began to form, and if there was no rainfall, they should be watered to promote growth. Topdressing should be applied with 10 kg of urea per acre for about 40 days after planting to promote the growth of stems and leaves, so that it could take a good breeding stand. About 70 days after planting, phosphorus and potash fertilizers were used to accelerate the expansion of tubers. Before and after the closure of the row, 100 to 150 kg of plant ash was applied per acre of cultivator, and care should be taken not to apply chlorine fertilizer. In the expansion period of sweet potato, the drought was timely watered in order to facilitate the enlargement of the tuber. Sweet potato in the middle and late stages of growth was concerned with the control of insect pests such as leaf roller insects and sweetpotato hawkmoths.
Seven, foliar spray fertilizer to prevent premature aging sweet potato into the late growth period, weakened root absorption capacity, foliar spray fertilizer can make up for lack of mineral nutrients within the body, to prevent premature aging, promote potato block expansion, increase production has a significant effect. In particular, the yellow-leafed defertilized plots of the leaves were sprayed once every 7 days after entering the expansion stage of the potato stalks. The 0.5% urea solution, 5% turfgrass ash water, and 0.2% foliar fertilizer were available. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, etc., spray time is generally started before and after the return period, even spray 2 to 3 times, can effectively prevent the premature decline of sweet potato and increase production, the general yield can increase by 10% to 30%. If there is prosperous growth, some stems should be cut off to improve ventilation and light transmission.
Tangshan Finely Animal Care Co.,Ltd , https://www.faczyme.com