A very important task in the prevention and control of poultry diseases is to make a rapid and accurate diagnosis of the disease. Otherwise, the disease will quickly spread due to the failure to take effective preventive measures in time, which will bring a heavy blow to the poultry industry.
Through years of production practice, the author believes that inspection and diagnosis of poultry diseases should be conducted in accordance with certain procedures and methods. First of all, we must understand the past medical history and the current epidemic situation. Based on this, we will conduct further inspections in the following aspects to make a more comprehensive and systematic diagnosis.
1 Survey to understand the environmental factors associated with poultry farms
In particular, we must pay attention to the fact that when there are signs of herd development, I must do a rigorous inspection of the surrounding environment.
1.1 Inspect poultry farm business types and management methods.
1.2 Check the location of poultry farms, the breed, type, quantity, age of the rearing poultry, the procedures for defecating and brooding, and the commonly used drugs and immunization.
1.3 Check general and special precautions taken at the poultry site.
1.4 Check poultry production poultry eggs, feed remuneration, stocking density, weight gain, ventilation conditions, light hours, temperature, humidity, and environmental factors related to the occurrence of diseases, such as the situation around the epidemic.
2 Behavioral inspection of poultry in its natural state
From the three parts of exercise, rest and drinking water, start checking.
2.1 When the flock enters or exits the stadium, exchanges or other special circumstances when exercising. To see if it appears diseased, once discovered, it should be singled out for further individual inspections.
2.2 The bird is inspected while resting in the house or in the cage. Look at their inhabiting posture, feather luster, respiratory status, mental movements, etc., determine whether there are abnormalities, find abnormal phenomena, and should be singled out for further examination.
2.3 Conduct control checks on food intake, drinking water and excretion. According to the daily feed records, see the increase or decrease in their intake, and then make analysis and judgment based on the relevant circumstances. Examining fecal matter is also an important part of analyzing and judging whether or not there is a disease, and it cannot be ignored because various infectious diseases have their own changes in excrement and color.
3 Select individuals for further clinical examination
In order to clarify the truth of the disease and provide a reliable basis for accurate diagnosis, it is important to conduct further individual clinical examinations to identify and select suspected diseased poultry from group inspections, or to select a few sick birds from diseased poultry. Individual examinations can be performed on a system-by-system basis, such as digestion, respiration, and nerves, to determine the health status of the bird being inspected, determine possible diseases, and provide direction for the diagnosis of pathological necropsy or laboratory diagnosis.
4 a certain number of pathological necropsy
In the process of diagnosis of poultry disease, after a series of clinical examinations, it is necessary to do a certain number of pathological examinations of sick or dead birds or dead birds. Only in this way can a new diagnosis or diagnosis be made on the basis of some characteristic necropsy changes, combined with the pre-clinical symptoms and disease epidemiological features, and the diseased materials collected and laboratory diagnosed when necessary.
5 laboratory diagnosis
Conditional poultry farms should establish field veterinary laboratories equipped with animal husbandry and veterinary technicians that are commensurate with the scale of production and operations in order to timely conduct effective diagnosis and prevention of related diseases. At the same time, according to the needs of the corresponding microbiology, parasitology, histopathology, toxicology diagnosis and disease monitoring, etc., to provide a reliable scientific basis for the diagnosis of poultry diseases.
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